定語從句中關(guān)系副詞的用法
when 既可引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句,又可引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。先行詞是時間名詞,在從句中充當(dāng)時間狀語,相當(dāng)于“介詞+which”。如:
Can you tell me the time when the film will start?—Can you tell me the time at which the film will start? 請告訴我電影什么時候開始好嗎?(限制性定語從句)
I will never forget the day, when I joined the Party. —I will never forget the day, on which I joined the Party. 我入黨的那一天,我永遠(yuǎn)不會忘記。(非限制性定語從句)
關(guān)系副詞where的用法
where既可引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句,又可引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。先行詞是地點名詞,在從句中充當(dāng)?shù)攸c狀語,相當(dāng)于:“介詞+which”。如:
This is the school where I studied a few years ago. —This is the school in which I studied a few years ago. 這就是我?guī)啄昵八谧x書的學(xué)校。
Let’s go to the concert, where you will find much fun. —Let’s go to the concert, in which you will find much fun. 我們?nèi)ヒ魳费莩獣,在那里你會找到很大?樂趣。
關(guān)系副詞why的用法
why只能引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句,先行詞只有reason一詞,在從句中充當(dāng)原因狀語,相當(dāng)于:“for + which”。如:
Do you know the reason why he is not here now?—Do you know the reason for which he is not here now? 你知道他還沒有來這兒的原因嗎?
關(guān)系副詞that的用法
that只能引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句,充當(dāng)關(guān)系副詞時,其作用相當(dāng)于:“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”,在從句中充當(dāng)時間、地點、方式、原因狀語等。如:
1. 在定語從句中作時間狀語,F(xiàn)行詞有:each time, every time, anytime, the first time, the moment, the minute, the hour, etc. 但現(xiàn)代英語中,that往往省略。如:
Each time (that) I meet him, he will smile and say “hello”. 每次我會見他時,他都會笑著說“喂,你好!”
2. 在定語從句中作方式狀語, 現(xiàn)行詞是way, 如:
Can you show me the way (that) you solve the problem like this? 請告訴我你解決這類問題的方法好嗎?
3. 在定語從句中作原因狀語,現(xiàn)行詞只有reason一詞,如:
I don’t know the reason (that) he has left school now. 我不知道他輟學(xué)的原因。
4. 在定語從句中做其他狀語,現(xiàn)行詞如price, speed等,如:
I think the price (that) she sells her apple is too high. (that = at which) 我認(rèn)為她賣蘋果的價格太高。
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