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定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系副詞的用法
定語(yǔ)從句,是我們?cè)谟⒄Z(yǔ)的學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程當(dāng)中會(huì)遇到的一種語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn),那么你知道關(guān)系副詞的用法嗎?以下是小編為你整理的定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系副詞的用法,希望對(duì)你有所幫助,祝你學(xué)習(xí)進(jìn)步!
定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系副詞的用法1
關(guān)系副詞when的用法
when 既可引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句,又可引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞是時(shí)間名詞,在從句中充當(dāng)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),相當(dāng)于“介詞+which”。如:
Can you tell me the time when the film will start?—Can you tell me the time at which the film will start? 請(qǐng)告訴我電影什么時(shí)候開始好嗎?(限制性定語(yǔ)從句)
I will never forget the day, when I joined the Party.—I will never forget the day, on which I joined the Party. 我入黨的那一天,我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記。(非限制性定語(yǔ)從句)
關(guān)系副詞where的用法
where既可引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句,又可引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞是地點(diǎn)名詞,在從句中充當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),相當(dāng)于:“介詞+which”。如:
This is the school where I studied a few years ago.—This is the school in which I studied a few years ago. 這就是我?guī)啄昵八谧x書的學(xué)校。(from www.yygrammar.com)
Let’s go to the concert, where you will find much fun.—Let’s go to the concert, in which you will find much fun. 我們?nèi)ヒ魳?lè)演唱會(huì)吧,在那里你會(huì)找到很大的樂(lè)趣。
關(guān)系副詞why的用法
why只能引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞只有reason一詞,在從句中充當(dāng)原因狀語(yǔ),相當(dāng)于:“for + which”。如:
Do you know the reason why he is not here now?—Do you know the reason for which he is not here now?你知道他還沒(méi)有來(lái)這兒的原因嗎?
關(guān)系副詞that的用法
that只能引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句,充當(dāng)關(guān)系副詞時(shí),其作用相當(dāng)于:“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”,在從句中充當(dāng)時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、方式、原因狀語(yǔ)等。如:
1.在定語(yǔ)從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。現(xiàn)行詞有:each time, every time, anytime, the first time, the moment, the minute, the hour, etc. 但現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)中,that往往省略。如:
Each time (that) I meet him, he will smile and say“hello”. 每次我會(huì)見(jiàn)他時(shí),他都會(huì)笑著說(shuō)“喂,你好!”
2.在定語(yǔ)從句中作方式狀語(yǔ), 現(xiàn)行詞是way, 如:
Can you show me the way (that) you solve the problem like this?請(qǐng)告訴我你解決這類問(wèn)題的方法好嗎?
3.在定語(yǔ)從句中作原因狀語(yǔ),現(xiàn)行詞只有reason一詞,如:
I don’t know the reason (that) he has left school now. 我不知道他輟學(xué)的原因。
4.在定語(yǔ)從句中做其他狀語(yǔ),現(xiàn)行詞如price, speed等,如:
I think the price (that) she sells her apple is too high. (that = at which) 我認(rèn)為她賣蘋果的價(jià)格太高。
定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系副詞的用法2
1.when的用法
when代替的'先行詞是表示時(shí)間的名詞,在定語(yǔ)從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。when往往可以由介詞+which代替。
Can you tell me the time when the film will start? 你能告訴我電影什么時(shí)候開始嗎?
Can you tell me the time at which the film will start?
The solution to the mystery of the monarch’s amazing ability comes at a time when it is in serious trouble. 金斑蝶驚人能力之謎的謎底在它陷入嚴(yán)重困境之際揭曉。
。╳hen可以用during which代替)
2.where的用法
where代替的先行詞是表地點(diǎn)的名詞,在定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。where往往可以由介詞+which代替。
Eventually, it manages to reach the places where it will spend the winter. 最終,它設(shè)法到達(dá)了過(guò)冬的地方。(where可以由in which代替)
They were welcomed to the Chinese-style compound where they were to live. 他們受到了歡迎,住在中國(guó)式的大院里。(新外研版必修一)(where可以由in which代替)
where的先行詞也可以是一些類似于地點(diǎn)的抽象名詞,例如,case(情況,案例),situation(情況,形勢(shì),境遇),degree(程度),point(時(shí)刻,階段),job(工作),career(事業(yè)),family(家庭)等。
We have reached a point where a change is really needed. 我們已經(jīng)到了一個(gè)真正需要改變的時(shí)刻。
I don’t want a job where I’m always ordered to do the work all day. 我不想要一份總是被命令整天干活的工作。
We have got into a situation where we were supposed to make a decision immediately. 我們陷入了一種應(yīng)該立即做出決定的境地。
All the neighbors admire this family where the parents are treating their child like a friend. 所有的鄰居都很羨慕這個(gè)家庭,他們的父母像對(duì)待朋友一樣對(duì)待他們的孩子。
3.why的用法
why代替的先行詞通常是the reason,在定語(yǔ)從句中作原因狀語(yǔ)。
Sadly, human activity is the main reason why the number of monarch butterflies is falling. 可悲的是,人類活動(dòng)是黑脈金斑蝶數(shù)量下降的主要原因。
And of course, the main reason why they were so excited is that pandas are just so cute. 當(dāng)然,他們?nèi)绱伺d奮的主要原因是熊貓?zhí)蓯?ài)了。
4.關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的選擇
在定語(yǔ)從句中是選擇關(guān)系代詞還是關(guān)系副詞,取決于定語(yǔ)從句中缺少什么成分,如果缺少主語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ),表語(yǔ),定語(yǔ),需選擇關(guān)系代詞(who,whom,that,which,whose,as等);如果缺少狀語(yǔ),需選擇關(guān)系副詞(when,where,why)
I will never forget the days when we stayed in the countryside. 我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記我們?cè)谵r(nóng)村度過(guò)的日子。(定語(yǔ)從句中缺少時(shí)間狀語(yǔ))
I will never forget the days that /which we spenttogether. 我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記我們一起度過(guò)的日子。(定語(yǔ)從句中缺少spent的賓語(yǔ))
That was the reason why he was late. 那就是他遲到的原因。(定語(yǔ)從句中缺少原因狀語(yǔ))
The reason that you gave us was not reasonable. 你給我們的理由不合理。(定語(yǔ)從句中缺少賓語(yǔ))
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