定語從句中的關(guān)系副詞
關(guān)系副詞，兼有副詞與連接詞兩種作用，在不及物動詞的連接中要求用關(guān)系副詞。下面是小編帶來的定語從句中的關(guān)系副詞，希望對你有幫助。
定語從句中的關(guān)系副詞有三個：
when, where和why，它們在定語從句中分別作時間、地點和原因狀語。
其句法結(jié)構(gòu)如下：
1. when指時間，在定語從句中作時間狀語。
例句：I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.
I’ll never forget the day when I joined the army.
2. where指地點，在定語從句中作地點狀語。
例句：The factory where his father works is in the west of the city.
This is the house where I lived two years ago.
關(guān)系副詞“when”、“where”既可引導限制性定語從句，也可引導非限制性定語從句。
例如：I will always remember the day when I first visited the Great Wall.
He came to Shanghai in 1980, when he was only 12.
I don’t know the exact spot where they will meet.
Mr Wang will fly to Beijing, where he will stay for three months.
有時關(guān)系副詞“when”、“where”引導的限制性定語從句和先行詞有間隔的現(xiàn)象，是為了平衡句子的語法需要。
Do you remember one afternoon ten years ago when I came to your house and borrowed a diamond necklace?
The days are gone forever when the Chinese people used “foreign oil.”.
3. why只用于reason之后的限制性定語從句中,在定語從句中作原因狀語。
例句：That is the reason why I did the job.(在現(xiàn)代英語中why可以省略)
上句也可以這樣表示：
That is the reason I did the job.
又如： This was the reason (why )we raised the temperature.
關(guān)系副詞在定語從句中的用法看似簡單，以下注意點不可忽視：
1）“when”、“where”和“why”的運用取就于表時間的名詞、表地點的名詞和表原因的名詞reason在定語從句中所作的成分，比較下面的幾組句子：
*I will never forget the day when I first met you on the seashore.
*I will never forget the days which/that we spent together in Xueyao Middle School.
**This is the hospital where my mother works.
**This is the hospital which/that we visited the day before yesterday.
***The reason why he did not go to school is that he was ill.
***This is the reason which/that he gave his boss in the office .
2) “when”、“where”和“why”都可以替換成“介詞 + which”，介詞的選用取就于先行詞和定語從句中的動詞。例如：
Do you still remember the day on which we first met in Nantong?(on which=when)
This is the room in which we lived last year.(in which=where)
Do you know the reason for which he refused to go to Mary’s birthday party. (for which=why)
英語中的關(guān)系副詞由：where,when和 why。這三個關(guān)系副詞很多情況下，都可以用介詞+關(guān)系代詞來替換。
where=in /at /to+which;
when=in /on /at+which;
why=for +which.
有時定語從句中介詞短語和動詞有意義緊密的修飾關(guān)系，尤其在非限制性定語從句中，常使用“介詞 + which”結(jié)構(gòu)，而不使用關(guān)系副詞。例如：
My mother works in a factory, in front of which there is a small river.
At night the soldiers got to a small hill, at the foot of which stood a farmhouse.
3) “that”可活用為關(guān)系副詞，相當于“when, where、why”和“介詞 + which”結(jié)構(gòu)，尤其在“the time when”等結(jié)構(gòu)中的“when”常被“that”代替，而且“that”往往省略。
I may leave here any time I want to.
During the time I was there I visited him twice.
This is my second time I have come to your country.
1.It’s helpful to put children in a situation they can see themselves differently.
A. that B. when C. which D. where
答案 D
解析 考查定語從句。先行詞是situation，指物，亦可指地點，關(guān)系詞在從句中做地點狀語，用關(guān)系副詞where，選D。
2. I have reached a point in my life ______ I am supposed to make decisions of my own.
A. which B. where C. how D. why
答案 B
3 .After graduation she reached a point in her career she needed to decide what to do.A.that B.what C.which D.where
答案 D
解析 本題考查定語從句關(guān)系詞的確定。英語中，point/situation/case等作先行詞，其后的關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作狀語時，用關(guān)系副詞where（相當于in which）。該定語從句缺少地點狀語，因此用where。
4.Life is like a long race _____we compete with others to go beyond ourselves.
A. why B. what C. that D. where
答案 D
5.Occasions are quite rare I have the time to spend a day with my kids.
A.who B.which C.why D.when
答案 D
關(guān)系副詞用法
關(guān)系副詞兼有副詞與連接詞兩種作用，在不及物動詞的連接中要求用關(guān)系副詞。
關(guān)系副詞所引導的形容詞子句用于修飾主要子句中的某一名詞或代名詞，被修飾的詞稱作先行詞，關(guān)系副詞要放在先行詞之后。
例如：關(guān)系副詞when在定語從句中用作狀語，表示時間，用以修飾表示時間的先行詞。
關(guān)系副詞主要有三個，即when，where，why。此外that也可代替關(guān)系代詞引導代詞句子。
關(guān)系副詞=preposition(介詞)+relative pronoun(關(guān)系代詞)
例如：where=in which，when=on which，why=for which
這些關(guān)系副詞在從句中做狀語。
Would you please tell me the way to the zoo? 你能告訴我去動物園的路嗎?
the way是先行詞。
This is the place where(that) I first met her. 這是我第一次見到她的地方。
在口語中that可以充當關(guān)系副詞，代替when，why，how，只有先行詞是the place時，才可代替where。
A:When should we start to work?
B:The sooner (we start)，the better (it will be). 我們應(yīng)該什么時候開始工作? 越早越好。
the作關(guān)系副詞是引導副詞子句，句子結(jié)構(gòu)一般為：The+比較級...+the+比較級...，第一個the是關(guān)系副詞。
time，day，year，place，house，reason，way等作先行詞時可以被省略，其后的子句不再是形容詞子句，而變成名詞子句或副詞子句。
中文：這是他出生的地方。
This iswhere he was born.（where he was born是名詞子句。）
This is the placewhere he was born.（where he was born是形容詞子句。）
中文：我將在第一次見到她的`地方見她。
I'll meet her at the placewhere I first met her.（where I first met her是形容詞子句。）
I'll meet herwhere I first met her.（where I first met her是副詞子句。）
關(guān)系副詞有限定用法，指的是關(guān)系副詞引導的形容詞子句只修飾先行詞。
We were very happy in those dayswhen we studied in school.我們在學校里上學的那些日子里很快樂。
關(guān)系副詞有補述用法，即關(guān)系副詞引導的是對等子句而不是形容詞子句，主要用于對主要子句中的不足之處加以補充，前面都要加逗點與主要子句分開。
Tom got married the day before yesterday，when it was his birthday too.湯姆前天結(jié)婚了，那天也是他的生日。
wherever，whenever，however是復合關(guān)系副詞，表示"不論"，引導一個修飾主要子句里的動詞的副詞子句，可加強語氣或表示讓步。
【參見關(guān)系形容詞】
Wherever he goes，he would bring an umbrella with him. 不論他去那里，他都帶著一把雨傘。
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