含關(guān)系副詞的定語(yǔ)從句
含關(guān)系副詞的定語(yǔ)從句
1、when指時(shí)間，在定語(yǔ)從句中做時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)
when=during/ on/ in/ ... which (介詞同先行詞搭配)
（1）I still remember the day when I first came to the school.
�。�2）The time when we got together finally came.
2、where指地點(diǎn)，在定語(yǔ)從句中做地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)
where=in/ at/ on/ ... which (介詞同先行詞搭配)
�。�1）Shanghai is the city where I was born.
�。�2）The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.
3、why指原因，在定語(yǔ)從句中做原因狀語(yǔ)，此時(shí)先行詞常為reason。可變?yōu)閒or which（�？��。�
why=for which
�。�1）Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.
�。�2）I don’t know the reason why he looks unhappy today.
【注意】關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的從句可以由“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的從句替換
�。�1）The reason why/ for which he refused the invitation is not clear.
（2）From the year when/in which he was going to school he began to know what he wanted when he grew up.
�。�3）Great changes have taken place in thecity in which/where I was born.
相關(guān)知識(shí)
一、選準(zhǔn)關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞
在定語(yǔ)從句中，關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞都代替先行詞在從句中充當(dāng)一定的成分，如果該從句中缺少主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)，就要用關(guān)系代詞來(lái)連接從句；如果從句中缺少狀語(yǔ)，就得用關(guān)系副詞來(lái)連接從句。例如：
(1) I still remember the days which / that we spent together.
(2) I still remember the days when we worked together.
二、了解僅用that 引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句的幾種情況
that 在限制性定語(yǔ)從句中既可指人又可指事或物。在下列情況下，只能用that 來(lái)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句：
1. 先行詞是all , much, few, little, everything, anything, nothing 等不定代詞時(shí)。例如：
Is there anything that you want to buy?
2. 先行詞被all, few, little, much, every, some, no等詞修飾或被the only, the very, the same, the last 等限定詞修飾時(shí)。例如：
These are all the pictures that I have seen.
This is the very dictionary that is of great help.
3. 先行詞既指人又指物時(shí)。例如：
My father and his teacher talked a lot about the things and the persons that they could remember.
4. 關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作表語(yǔ)時(shí)。例如：
Our school is not the one that it used to be.
5. 先行詞被形容詞最高級(jí)或序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)。例如：
This is the best English film that I have ever seen.
The first English novel that I read was A Tale of Two Cities.
6. 主句是who 或which 引導(dǎo)的.特殊問(wèn)句時(shí)。例如：
Who is the girl that is standing under the tree?
Which is the machine that we used last Sunday?
三、把握“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中介詞的選用
介詞的選擇與主句中先行詞的搭配密切相關(guān)。例如：
That's the reason for which he was late for school.
This is the book on which I spent 8 yuan.
注意：
1. 定語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是含有介詞的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)時(shí)，介詞應(yīng)放在動(dòng)詞之后，不能拆開(kāi)放在關(guān)系代詞前。例如：
This is the key which you are looking for.
This is the baby whom you will look after.
2. 該結(jié)構(gòu)中，關(guān)系代詞指人時(shí)用whom，指物時(shí)用which.
四、弄清as 和which 引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句指代整體時(shí)的區(qū)別
1位置上的區(qū)別：
as 引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的位置比較靈活，可以放在主句前，也可以放在主句后，還可插在主句的中間；而which 引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句只能放在主句之后。例如：
As is known to us all, the earth turns around the sun.
The earth, as is known to us all, turns around the sun.
The earth turns around the sun, as is known to us all.
The earth turns around the sun, which our parents once told us when we were very young.
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