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定語從句whom例句

時間:2022-11-27 09:34:55 英語 我要投稿

定語從句whom例句

  定語從句也稱關(guān)系從句、形容詞性從句,是指一類由關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)的從句,因為這類從句的句法功能多是做定語,所以曾被稱為定語從句。同學(xué)們,你們對whom所引導(dǎo)的定語從句是否了解?以下是關(guān)于定語從句whom例句極其相關(guān)內(nèi)容,下面一起去看看吧!

  定語從句whom例句

  whom可以代替定語從句里的賓語,來修飾人,下面就講,which和whom的前面還可以加介詞,來修飾前面的物和人。

  例1:He liked the people whom he lived with.

  whom只能代替賓語。

  例2:He liked the people with whom he lived. 把with 和 whom 連起來,加上he lived,

  放在一起修飾the people。

  注:. 介詞若是和連接詞放在一起的定語從句,只能是修飾物用which,修飾人用whom。不能用that,who這兩個連接詞。也不能省略。

  定語從句與主句間可以加逗號。

  介詞+which /whom的定語從句用法

  1. 語法作用:“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”在從句中主要起關(guān)系副詞的作用,即在定語從句中充當(dāng)狀語:

  (1)表示地點,時間和原因的“介詞+which”分別相當(dāng)于 where,when,why。

  I have found the book in which the names of all the early satellites are mentioned. (SEFC 2A L. 55)(=I have found the book. The names of all the early satellites are mentioned in it. )

  The earth on which /where we live is a planet.

  I”ll never forget the day on which /when I joined the League.

  I know a wood in which /where you can find roses.

  Is there any reason for which /why you should have a holiday?

  (2)way后常用that代替in which,也可省略that。

  I really don”t like the way that he talks.

  That was the way in which the old lady looked after us.

  Do it the way I showed you.

  2. “of +which”起形容詞的作用,相當(dāng)于whose(用來指物),其詞序通常是“n. +of which”。

  They live in a house whose door /the door of which opens to the south.

  He”s written a book whose name /the name of which I”ve com- pletely forgotten.

  3. 可引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句

  There is a rocket by which the direction of the satellite can be changed. (SEFC 2A L. 55)

  We carefully studied the photos,in which we could see signs of plant disease. (SEFC 2A L. 55)

  4. 介詞的選擇(選擇介詞時須考慮下列情況)

  1)介詞與先行詞的習(xí)慣搭配

  There is no way in which it could be brought back to the earth. (SEFC 2A L. 55)(in與way是習(xí)慣搭配)

  2)介詞與定語從句中的動詞,形容詞的習(xí)慣搭配

  These are the wires with which different machines are connected. (be connected with是習(xí)慣搭配)

  The author with whom all of us are familiar will visit our compa-ny. (be familiar with是習(xí)慣搭配)

  3)同形的先行詞,或定語從句中的動詞,形容詞表示不同的含義時,要根據(jù)其含義選用不同的介詞。

  I can”t remember the age at which he won the prize.

  That is the age in which people live in peace and happiness.

  age在前句中意為“年歲”,與at搭配;在后句中意為“時期”,與 in搭配。

  4)復(fù)雜介詞須保持其完整形式,常見的復(fù)雜介詞有on the top of,in the middle of,in front of,in spite of,at the back of,because of等。

  We took a photo of rocket,the length of which was about 30me- tres. (SEFC 2A L. 55)

  Sound is a tool by means of which people communicate with each other.

  They marched through the square,in the middle of which stood a monument.

  5)短語動詞中的介詞不可與動詞分開提至關(guān)系代詞前。常見的短語動詞有l(wèi)isten to,look at,depend on,pay attention to,take care of,look into,break into,get rid of,take part in,make use of,take hold of,catch hold of,catch up with,get along with,look forward to等。此時可用which,who,whom或that,也可將他們省略。

  (誤)This is the girl of whom he will take care.

  (正)This is the girl whom he will take careof.

  6)當(dāng)介詞與定語從句中的動詞或形容詞聯(lián)系緊密(但不是短語動詞)時,介詞也可放在動詞或形容詞的后面。但當(dāng)介詞與從句中的動詞或形容詞聯(lián)系不緊密時,則需將介詞置于關(guān)系代詞前。比較:

  The space station which we drove to was in the desert. (SEFC 2A L. 55)

  I”ll never forget the day in which I joined the Party.

  后句中的in若置于句尾則有“孤零零”之感,這時宜將介詞置于關(guān)系代詞前;而前句中的to則可后置。

  5. 關(guān)系代詞的選擇

  用于介詞后的關(guān)系代詞只有which,whom,前者指物,后者指人。

  There are many research stations on the earth in which outer space is studied. (SEFC 2A L. 55)(which指代research stations)

  We questioned the pilot,from whom we learnt that no other planes had been seen. (SEFC 2A L. 55)(whom指代the pilot)

  who/whom引導(dǎo)的定語從句的用法

  who、 whom可以引導(dǎo)定語從句,修飾表示人的先行詞,在從句中分別充當(dāng)主語和賓語(在非正式場合下,除非緊跟于介詞之后,who經(jīng)常可以代替在定語從句中作賓語的whom).例如:

  1.The visitor who came yesterday is Tom.昨天來訪的那個人是湯姆.(who引導(dǎo)修飾visitor的限定性定語從句,并且在該從句中充當(dāng)主語)

  2.His friends,who had tried to dissuade him from smoking,did not succeed.他的那些已經(jīng)盡力勸阻他抽煙的朋友們并沒有成功.(who引導(dǎo)修飾friends的非限定性定語從句并且在該從句中充當(dāng)主語)

  3.First came Mary,whom few of us had expected.首先來的是我們當(dāng)中幾乎沒有人料到的瑪麗.(whom引導(dǎo)修飾Mary的非限定性定語從句并且在該從句中充當(dāng)賓語,這里的whom可以被who所代替)

  4.He is John to whom you ought to address the request.他是約翰,你應(yīng)該向他提出此項請求.(whom引導(dǎo)修飾John的非限定性定語從句并且在該從句中充當(dāng)介詞to的賓語,這里緊跟于介詞to之后的whom不可以被who代替)

  注意:that引導(dǎo)限定性定語從句修飾表示人的先行詞時,通?梢耘cwho換用.不緊跟在介詞后的whom和that通常可以換用(緊跟在介詞后的whom不可以被that代替).例如:The scientist who/that discovers a cure for cancer will be great.發(fā)現(xiàn)治愈癌癥的`方法的科學(xué)家將會因此而偉大.Jim is the man with whom she talked.跟她說過話的那個人是吉姆.

  高中定語從句講解:

  一、只能用that的情況,

  先行詞為everything,all,little,much等不定代詞時;

  先行詞被all,every,no,any,some,little,much,one修飾時;

  先行詞被the only,the very,the same,the last修飾時;

  先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級修飾時;

  先行詞是be的表語或there be 的主語時;

  先行詞有人又有物時;

  當(dāng)主句是以who或which開頭的特殊疑問句時。

  二、which,that的用法

  1,which,that 用來指物(有六種情況只可用that而不用which)

  (用作主語、賓語,作賓語時可以省略),例如:

  (1)The prosperity which/that had never appeared before took on in the countryside.農(nóng)村出現(xiàn)了前所未有的繁榮。(which/that在從句中作主語)

  (2)The package (which/that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.你拿那個包裹快要散開了。(which/that在從句中作賓語)

  注:which在定語從句中指物,可作主語或及物動詞或介詞的賓語,作賓語時可省略;that在定語從句中既可指人又可指物,在定語從句中作主語、賓語和表語,作賓語時可省略,指人時,相當(dāng)于who或whom,指物時,相當(dāng)于which,作介詞賓語時,介詞不可提到 that前,當(dāng)介詞提前時,需要用which或whom來代替。

  2、whose

  (只用作定語)“whose”表示誰(可以為人也可以為物)的(東西)

  例:A child whose parents are dead is called an orphan.雙親都死了的孩子叫做孤兒。(“whose parents”表示那個孩子的雙親)

  He lives in a room whose window faces south.他住的那個房子的窗戶是朝南的。(“whose”表示那個房子的窗戶)

  關(guān)系代詞:在句中作主語、賓語或定語。

  1. that既可代表事物也可代表人,“which”代表事物;它們在從句中作主語或賓語,作賓語可省略“that”在從句中作賓語時?墒÷躁P(guān)系詞,“which”在從句省略。[eg:This is the book (which)you want.]

  2.如果which在從句中作“不及物動詞+介詞”的介詞的賓語,注意介詞不要丟掉,而且介詞總是放在關(guān)系代詞which的前面,但有的則放在它前面的位置。

  3. 代表物時的that常被省略;

  c)被形容詞最高級修飾時;既有人又有物時;

  e)整個句中前面已有“which”,“why”行

  關(guān)系副詞:在句中作狀語

  關(guān)系副詞=介詞+關(guān)系代詞

  why=for which

  where=in/ at/ on which(介詞同先行詞搭配)

  when=during/ on/ in/……

  1. “where”是關(guān)系副詞,當(dāng)然也不用“that”引導(dǎo)。

  By the time when you arrived in London, we had stayed there for two weeks. 當(dāng)你到達倫敦的時候,我們在那里已經(jīng)待了兩個星期。

  I still remember the place where I met her for the first time. 我仍然記得我第一次見到她的地方。

  Each time when he goes to business trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towels, soap, toothbrush etc. 他每次出差都帶著生活必需品,如毛巾,肥皂,牙刷等其他東西。

  2. 當(dāng)從句的邏輯主語是some, any, no, somebody, anybody, nobody, something, anything, everything或nothing時,常用“there is”開頭。

  There is somebody here who wants to talk to you. 這里有人要和你說話。

  分作進一步說明,通常是引導(dǎo)詞和先行詞之間用逗號隔開,將從句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立。

  that和which的用法區(qū)別:

  在定語從句中,關(guān)系代詞which和 that都可指物,一般情況下,可以互換使用。但在下列情況下值得注意:

  A. 只能用that而不能用which的情形

  (1) 當(dāng)先行詞為:all, little, few, much, none 及 some-, any-, no-, every- 與 thing 所組成的復(fù)合單詞時,只能用that。如:

  There is nothing that will stop us making progress. 沒有事情會阻止我們進步。

  (2) 當(dāng)先行詞前面有only, some, any, no, every, little, few, much, all, very等形容詞修飾時,只能用that。如:

  This is the only problem that we can’t work out. 這是我們不能解決的唯一的一個問題。

  (3) 當(dāng)先行詞由形容詞的最高級或序數(shù)詞修飾時,只能用that。如:

  This is the most interesting book that I have ever read. 這是我讀過的最有趣的書。

  (4) 當(dāng)先行詞同時包括人和物時,只能用that。如:

  Luxun and his works that we are familiar with are considered great. 人們認(rèn)為我們所熟識的魯迅及其作品都很偉大。

  (5) 當(dāng)先行詞在定語從句中作表語時,只能用that。如:

  This is a book that I have been looking for since last week. 這就是那本自上周以來我一直在尋找的書。

  (6) 當(dāng)主句是以which開頭的特殊疑問句時,只能用that。如:

  Which is the picture that you drew yesterday? 你昨天畫的那張畫是哪一張?

  B. 只能用which而不能用that的情形

  (1) 當(dāng)非限制性定語從句中的先行詞指物時,只能用which。如:

  The pencil-case, which I bought last week, is missing. 那個鉛筆盒,我上周買的,現(xiàn)在不見了。

  (2) 關(guān)系代詞前面有介詞時,只能用which。如:

  The tree under which we used to take a rest has been cut down. 我們過去常在下面休息的那棵樹已砍掉了。

  (3) 先行詞為代詞that或that所修飾時,只能用which。如:

  I don’t take that which is too expensive. 我不要太貴的那一個。

  who (whom) 和that的用法區(qū)別詳解:

  在定語從句中,關(guān)系代詞who (whom) 和that都可指人和物,在一般情況下,可以互換使用,但在下列情況下值得注意:

  一、用who (whom) 而不用that的情形

  (1) 在非限制性定語從句中的先行詞指人時,只能用who (whom)。如:

  My sister, who is studying abroad, sent me a beautiful present just before this Christmas. 我姐姐,她在國外學(xué)習(xí),就在圣誕節(jié)前給我寄來了漂亮的禮物。

  (2) 當(dāng)定語從句對指人的先行詞進行隔位修飾時,只能用who (whom)。如:

  Do you know the girl in front of the blackboard who is speaking to the students? 你認(rèn)識黑板前面正在給學(xué)生們講話的那位女孩子嗎?

  (3) 當(dāng)先行詞為people和those時,只能用who (whom)。如:

  Those who want to go there come here please. 那些想去那兒的人請來這邊。

  (4) 當(dāng)先行詞為one, ones, anyone, everyone, none, all(指人) 時,只能用who (whom)。如:

  Anyone who is against us is our enemy. 任何反對我們的人就是我們的敵人。

  (5) 先行詞指人,而關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語時,一般多用who。如:

  The man who came here yesterday said he would come again in a few days. 昨天來這兒的那個人說過幾天他會再來。

  (6) 在there be句型中名詞的定語從句多用who (whom)。如:

  There are students in our class who / whom you have met. 我們班有些學(xué)生你見過。

  (7) 當(dāng)句子中有兩個指人的現(xiàn)行詞分別帶有兩個定語從句時,若一個定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞為that, 那么,另一個定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞必定為who。如:

  The boy that you met just now is Li Ming’s brother who just graduated from a university. 剛才你會到的那個男孩是李明的剛從大學(xué)畢業(yè)的弟弟。

  二、用that 而不用who (whom)的情形

  (1) 當(dāng)先行詞前面有形容詞的最高級或序數(shù)詞修飾時,引導(dǎo)詞只能用that。如:

  The tallest player that plays football for our team is from Shandong. 在為我們隊踢足球的最高哪個運動員來自山東。

  (2) 當(dāng)先行詞前面有only, some, any, no, every, little, few, much, all, very形容詞修飾時,引導(dǎo)詞只能用that。如:

  He is the only student that said “no” to the teacher. 他是唯一的一個對老師說“不”的學(xué)生

  (3) 當(dāng)主句是以who開頭的特殊疑問句時,引導(dǎo)詞只能用that。如:

  Who is woman that you talked with just now? 剛才跟你談話的那位婦女是誰?

  (4) the same as與the same that

  the same as所引導(dǎo)定語從句的內(nèi)容與先行詞同類而不同物;the same that表示所引導(dǎo)的從句內(nèi)容與先行詞同類同物,即:同一事物。如:

  She is wearing the same coat that I lost a few days ago. 她正穿著我?guī)滋烨八鶃G失的上衣。(暗含:她偷了我的上衣)

  She is wearing the same coat as I lost a few days ago. 她正穿著跟我?guī)滋烨八鶃G失的上衣同樣的上衣。(暗含:她所穿的上衣不是我所丟失的那一件)

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