定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系副詞例句
定語(yǔ)從句,一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句跟在一名詞或代詞后(先行詞)進(jìn)行修飾限定,所以叫做定語(yǔ)從句。接下來(lái)要給大家推薦的是定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系副詞例句,歡迎閱讀以及參考!
定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系副詞例句 篇1
一、基本概念:
在復(fù)合句中,修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語(yǔ)從句。如:
Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting just now?
That is the house where he lived ten years ago.
定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的詞叫先行詞;定語(yǔ)從句一般用關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞來(lái)引導(dǎo),關(guān)系詞放在先行詞與定語(yǔ)從句之間起連接作用,同時(shí)又作從句中的一個(gè)成分。
引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞有:that, who, whom, whose, which;
關(guān)系副詞有:when, where, why.
二、關(guān)系詞的用法:
(一)關(guān)系代詞的用法:
1. 作主語(yǔ)用who, which和that, 如:
He is the man who/that lives next door.
The train which/that has just left is for Shenzhen.
2. 作賓語(yǔ)用whom, who, which, that, 如:
The man (whom/who/that) we have just seen is a famous writer.
Where is the book (which/that) I bought last week?
注:在非正式文體中,用于指人的關(guān)系代詞who whom, that 通?梢允÷,但在正式文體中通常用whom, 不可省略;用于指物的關(guān)系代詞which和that 在非正式文體中也通常省略,但在正式文體中一般不省略。
3. 作定語(yǔ)用whose, 如:
(a) He is the man whose car was stolen last week.
(b) It was a meeting whose importance I did not realize at that time.
注:“whose +名詞中心詞”這一結(jié)構(gòu)在定語(yǔ)從句中既能作主語(yǔ)(如上a句),又能作賓語(yǔ)(如上b句)。whose 的先行詞常用來(lái)指人,但有時(shí)也可以用來(lái)指具體事物或抽象概念,這時(shí)可以與of which 結(jié)構(gòu)互換,詞序是:“名詞+of which”,如:
They came to a house whose back wall had broken down.. (= the back wall of which)
He’s written a book the name of which I’ve completely forgotten. (= whose name)
4. 作表語(yǔ)只用that ,它既可以指人,也可以指物,但時(shí)常省略。如:
He is no longer the man that he used to be.
This is no longer the dirty place (that) it used to be.
(二)關(guān)系副詞的用法:
1.when 指時(shí)間,在從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),它的先行詞通常有:time, day, morning, night, week, year 等。如:
I still remember the time when I first became a college student.
Do you know the date when Lincoln was born?
注:when時(shí)?梢允÷,特別是在某些句型和某些時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)中。如:
Each time he came, he did his best to help us.
But help never stopped coming from the day she fell ill.
2.where指地點(diǎn),在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。它的先行詞通常有:place, spot, street, house, room,
city, town, country等,如:
This is the hotel where they are staying.
I forget the house where the Smiths lived.
注:where有時(shí)也可以省略。如:
This is the place (where) we met yesterday.
3. why指原因或理由,它的先行詞只有reason。如:
That is the reason why he is leaving so soon.
注:why時(shí)常也可以省略。如:
That is the real reason he did it.
(三) 使用關(guān)系副詞應(yīng)注意下列幾點(diǎn):
1. 這三個(gè)關(guān)系副詞在意義上都相當(dāng)于一定的介詞+which結(jié)構(gòu):
when = on (in, at, during…) + which;
where = in (at, on…) + which;
why = for which. 如:
I was in Beijing on the day when (=on which) he arrived.
The office where (=in which) he works is on the third floor.
This is the chief reason why (=for which) we did it.
2. 當(dāng)先行詞是表時(shí)間的time, day等和表地點(diǎn)的'place, house等時(shí),一定要注意分析從句的結(jié)構(gòu),如果缺少主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)時(shí),關(guān)系詞應(yīng)該用which或that, 缺少時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)時(shí),才能用when或where,試比較:
I’ll never forget the day when my hometown was liberated.
I’ll never forget the days which/that we spent together last summer.
His father works in a factory where radio parts are made.
His father works in a factory which/that makes radio parts.
3. when和where既可以引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句,也可以引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。而why 只能引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句。
定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系副詞例句 篇2
關(guān)系詞通常有下列三個(gè)作用:1)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句;2)代替先行詞;3)在定語(yǔ)從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)一個(gè)成分。
關(guān)系代詞有that,which,who,whom,whose,as等;
一:關(guān)系代詞的用法 關(guān)系代詞 指代對(duì)象及在從句中所作的成分
使用要點(diǎn)
that
即指人又指物;作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)(作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略)
只用于限制性定語(yǔ)從句中,介詞后面不能跟that。 當(dāng)代替物時(shí),可以與which通用。
Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress that I gave her.
昨天艾米麗穿了我送給她的新衣服。
I have a friend that likes listening to classical music我有個(gè)朋友喜歡聽(tīng)古典音樂(lè)。
which
指物;作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)(作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略)
在非限定性定語(yǔ)從句中,只宜用which,不能用that.在限定性定語(yǔ)從句中,可用在介詞之后。
My parents live in a house which is more than 100 years old
我的父母住在一座具有100多年歷史的房子里
who,whom
指人;作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)(whom?墒÷) 先行詞必須為人。Who可代替在從句中擔(dān)任賓語(yǔ)的whom,若前有介詞,須用whom
A couch potato is a person who spends a lot of time watching TV. “A couch potato”指那種成天沉湎于電視中的人。
The student(whom)I taught two years ago has joined the army.
我兩年前教的那個(gè)學(xué)生已經(jīng)參軍了。
whose 既指人又指物;作定語(yǔ) 是代詞的所有格, 代物時(shí),相當(dāng)于of which。
The room whose window faces south is mine. 那個(gè)窗戶朝南的房間是我的。
注意:whose指物時(shí),常用of which結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)代替。如:
The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.
=The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.
1.who指人,在從句中做主語(yǔ)
(1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One.
(2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.
2. whom指人,在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ),?墒÷。
(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about.
注意:關(guān)系代詞whom在口語(yǔ)和非正式語(yǔ)體中常用who代替,可省略。
(3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend.
3. which指物,在定語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)或者賓語(yǔ),做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略
(1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. ( which 在句子中做主語(yǔ))
(2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. ( which 在句子中做賓語(yǔ))
4. that指人時(shí),相當(dāng)于who或者whom;指物時(shí),相當(dāng)于which。
在賓語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)或者賓語(yǔ),做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略。
(5) The people that/who come to visit the city are all here. (在句子中做主語(yǔ))
(6) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning? (在句子中做賓語(yǔ))
5. whose通常指人,也可指物,在定語(yǔ)從句中做定語(yǔ)
(1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor.
(2) I lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.
whose指物時(shí),常用以下結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)代替
(3)The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.
=The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.
(5)Do you like the book whose color is yellow?
=Do you like the book the color of which is yellow?
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