名師英語(yǔ)四級(jí)翻譯備考課堂筆記1
1. He works _______________(在倒數(shù)第二個(gè)辦公室).
2. The beauty of the lake is _______________(難以用語(yǔ)言形容).
3. ________________(一個(gè)人如果關(guān)在家里)，a person cant know much about the world.
4. _______________(完成作業(yè)后)，they went to the library.
5. I found him ________________(被打得青一塊紫一塊).
答案與解析：
1. in the last office but one
but經(jīng)常與表示最高級(jí)的形容詞或first，next，last等同連用，如：Some people say this nation is the cleverest but one in the whole world.(有人說(shuō)，這個(gè)民族在全世界范圍內(nèi)聰明才智排第二。)She was the last but one to come.(她是倒數(shù)第二個(gè)來(lái)的。)
2. beyond description
比起譯文not easy to describe in words，cannot be described by words，答案的譯文顯然要精妙得多。beyond用作介詞時(shí)可以表示exceeding，out the reach of，即：超出(理解、范圍、眼界)之上。如：This passage is beyond my comprehension.(這篇文章超出了我的理解力。)I won t buy your radio set beyond my offer.(只要超出我出的'價(jià)錢，我就不買你這臺(tái)收音機(jī)。)
3. Kept within houses
過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)表示條件，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。Kept within houses要比If a person was kept within houses更簡(jiǎn)潔明了，且可以避免前后句person的重復(fù)。請(qǐng)看下例：Given more time, I can also do it.(如果給我足夠時(shí)間，我也可以做此事。)過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)還可以作原因狀語(yǔ)、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、伴隨狀語(yǔ)等。考生應(yīng)注意復(fù)習(xí)。如：Influenced by his ideas, she joined the revolution too.(作原因狀語(yǔ))Heated，ice changes into water.(作條件狀語(yǔ))He went there with great hope，but returned greatly disappointed.(表伴隨狀況)
4. Having finished their homework
我們知道，現(xiàn)在分詞在句中可以表示原因、時(shí)間、條件、結(jié)果等。本題考查了現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的用法。由后半句可知， 完成作業(yè) 發(fā)生在 他們?nèi)D書館 之前，因此，現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)需要用完成時(shí)態(tài)。如果分詞動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，就用一般式，如：Seeing the picture，he couldn t help thinking of her. (一看到照片，他就禁不住想起她。)
5. beaten black and blue
本題考點(diǎn)有二：一是如何表達(dá)習(xí)語(yǔ) 青一塊紫一塊 ;二是過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的用法。過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，可以省略to be，尤其是在like，want，order，wish后，如：I wish him driven away. = I wish him to be driven away。換成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)后就是：He is wished driven away.
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