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小學英語必背基礎知識歸納

時間:2022-01-27 14:55:44 英語 我要投稿

小學英語必背基礎知識歸納

  小學英語是很簡單的,因為對語法的要求很低,這個階段以聽課為主,只要將課堂上的知識掌握好就足夠了。下面是百分網(wǎng)小編為大家整理的小學英語必背基礎知識,希望對大家有用!

小學英語必背基礎知識歸納

  小學英語知識歸納

  句型專項歸類

  1、 肯定句:是指用肯定的語氣來陳述的句子,如:

  I’m a student. She is a doctor. He works in a hospital. There are four fans in our classroom. He will eat lunch at 12:00. I watched TV yesterday evening.

  2、否定句:含有否定詞或表示否定意義詞的句子,如:I’m not a student. She is not (isn’t) a doctor.

  He does not (doesn’t) work in a hospital. There are not (aren’t) four fans in our classroom.

  He will not (won’t) eat lunch at 12:00. I did not (didn’t) watch TV yesterday evening.

  ☆注意 小結:否定句主要是在肯定句的基礎上加上了否定詞 ―not‖。有動詞be的句子則―not‖加在be后面,可縮寫成―isn’t,aren’t‖,但am not 一般都分開寫。沒有動詞be的句子則要先在主要動詞的前面加上一個助動詞(do,does,did),然后在它后面加上―not‖,你也可以把它們縮寫在一起如―don’t , doesn’t , didn’t )。這三個助動詞要根據(jù)人稱和時態(tài)來選擇,其中―does‖只用于一般現(xiàn)在時主語是第三人稱單數(shù)的情況,而―did‖只用于一般過去時,不論主語是什么人稱和數(shù),都用―did‖ 。

  3、一般疑問句:是指詢問事實的句子,此類句子必須用―yes‖,或―no‖來回答。

  如:Are you a student? Yes, I am / No, I’m not.

  Is she a doctor? Yes, she is. / No, she isn’t.

  Does he work in a hospital? Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t.

  4、特殊疑問句:以特殊疑問詞(what , where , who , which , when , whose , why , how等)開頭引導的句子。此類句子應該問什么就答什么,不能用

  ―yes 、no‖來回答。如:

  What is this? It’s a computer.

  What does he do? He’s a doctor.

  小學英語知識總結

  動詞過去式詳解 動詞的過去式的構成規(guī)則有:

  A、規(guī)則動詞

 、 一般直接在動詞的后面加ed:如 worked , learned , cleaned ,

  visited

  ② 以e結尾的'動詞直接加d:如 lived , danced , used

 、 以輔音字母加y結尾的動詞要改y為i再加ed(此類動詞較少)如

  study – studied carry – carried worry – worried (注意play、stay不是輔音字母加y,所以不屬于此類)

  ④ 雙寫最后一個字母(此類動詞較少)如 stopped

  B、不規(guī)則動詞(此類詞并無規(guī)則,須熟記)小學階段要記住以下動詞的原形和過去式:

  sing – sang , eat – ate , see – saw , have – had , do – did , go – went , take – took , buy – bought , get – got , read – read ,fly – flew , am/is – was , are – were , say – said , leave – left , swim – swam , tell – told , draw – drew , come – came , lose – lost , find – found , drink – drank , hurt – hurt , feel – felt

  小學英語知識要點

  現(xiàn)在完成時主要用于:

  1 、表示到現(xiàn)在為止這一時期中發(fā)生的動作或情況,即多次動作的總和。

  e.g. We have learnt four English songs this month.

  How many times have you read the novel?

  For many days we haven`t seen each other.

  2 、表示對現(xiàn)在有影響的某一已發(fā)生的動作。

  e.g. The delegation has left 代表團已經(jīng)走了(說明現(xiàn)在不在這里) Look, what you have done. 看你干的事。

  與這一時態(tài)連用的時間狀語有:

  already, yet, just, ever, never, by now, so far, recently, by the end of this month, since, for 短語,連詞 since 引導的時間狀語從句。 一般過去時與現(xiàn)在完成時的區(qū)別:

  一般過去時:重在說明動作在過去發(fā)生時的具體情況(時間、地點、方式、對象、細節(jié)等)。

  現(xiàn)在完成時:只提起已發(fā)生的動作(事實)及其影響,不說明動作發(fā)生時的具體情況。

  cf. Have you had your lunch?

  What did you have for lunch?

  I have ever been to the Great Wall,_and_I went there last summer with my father.

  注:現(xiàn)在完成時表達的動作常具有反復性,故下面一句是錯的:

  Have you seen the six thirty`s news program?

  應改為:

  Did you see the six thirty`s news program?

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