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初一英語(yǔ)必考知識(shí)要點(diǎn)歸納

時(shí)間:2024-09-06 11:23:38 毅霖 英語(yǔ) 我要投稿
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初一英語(yǔ)必考知識(shí)要點(diǎn)歸納

  很多初一的學(xué)生不知道怎么備考英語(yǔ),其實(shí)除了復(fù)習(xí)課本知識(shí),考前復(fù)習(xí)一些必考的知識(shí)點(diǎn)對(duì)考試有很大的幫助。下面是百分網(wǎng)小編為大家整理的初一英語(yǔ)必考知識(shí)歸納,希望對(duì)大家有用!

初一英語(yǔ)必考知識(shí)要點(diǎn)歸納

  初一英語(yǔ)必考知識(shí)要點(diǎn)歸納 1

  一、助動(dòng)詞(do, does )的用法

  只有實(shí)意動(dòng)詞作謂語(yǔ)時(shí)才涉及使用助動(dòng)詞。以like為例:

  1、當(dāng)句子為肯定句時(shí)不涉及使用助動(dòng)詞,只涉及“主謂一致”原則。

  eg : I like English a lot.

  Michael likes Chinese food very much.

  2、當(dāng)句子為否定句時(shí),要根據(jù)主語(yǔ)的'人稱來(lái)決定使用相應(yīng)的助動(dòng)詞:當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為“三單”時(shí),要使用does;當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為“非三單”時(shí),用助動(dòng)詞原形do。例如把下列句子變否定句:

  eg : Kangkang likes math.----Kangkang doesnt like math.

  They like sports.------They dont like sports.

  3、當(dāng)句子變疑問(wèn)句時(shí),同樣要根據(jù)句子的主語(yǔ)來(lái)決定在句首使用Do或Does.例如下列句子變問(wèn)句:

  eg : Michael likes Chinese Food.----Does Michael like Chinese food?

  Yes, he does./ No, he doesnt.

  Jane and Helen like music.----Do Jand and Helen like music? Yes, they do./ No, they dont.

  二、like一詞的用法

  like用作及物動(dòng)詞,譯為“喜歡”。

  1、后接名詞或代詞,表示喜歡某人或某物。

  eg :I like the baby very much. 我非常喜歡這個(gè)小孩。

  2、后接動(dòng)名詞(v. -ing),表示“喜歡做某事”,著重于習(xí)慣、愛(ài)好。

  eg :Tom likes playing football. 湯姆喜歡踢足球。

  3、后接動(dòng)詞不定式(to do ),表示“偶爾地喜歡做某事”,著重于某次具體的行為。

  eg :I like reading, but I like to watch TV this evening. 我喜歡讀書(shū),但我今晚想看電視。

  初一英語(yǔ)必考知識(shí)要點(diǎn)歸納 2

  1)問(wèn)候語(yǔ):

  Good morning/ afternoon/ evening.

  How are you?---Just OK, thank you. How are you?---Not bad, thanks.

  Hi! Hello! How do you do?

  2)道別用語(yǔ):

  Nice/ Glad to meet/ see you.(meet用于初次見(jiàn)面,see用于熟人間)

  Nice to meet/ see you, too.

  Goodbye. Byebye. Bye. See you (later/ tomorrow/ next time)! So long! Good night!

  3)介紹人或者物的句型:This is...

  4)Excuse me.與Im sorry.的區(qū)別:

  Excuse me.是要引起對(duì)方的注意,而Im sorry.則是向?qū)Ψ降狼浮?/p>

  5)詞組be from = come from

  6)當(dāng)問(wèn)句中問(wèn)到this/ that時(shí),回答要用it;問(wèn)到these/ those時(shí),要用they來(lái)回答。

  例如: Whats this in English?----Its an eraser.

  What are those?----They are books.

  7)對(duì)Thanks.的回答:Thats OK./ Youre welcome./ My pleasur.

  8)look the same = have the same looks

  give sth. to sb. = give sb. sth.

  be like = look like

  in the tree/ on the tree (樹(shù)上結(jié)的、長(zhǎng)出來(lái)的`用on,否則用in)

  in red(穿著紅色的衣服)

  初一英語(yǔ)必考知識(shí)要點(diǎn)歸納 3

  1)speak的用法

  speak與say不同:speak表示“說(shuō)”的動(dòng)作,不表示“說(shuō)”的內(nèi)容;say則表示“說(shuō)”的內(nèi)容。

  speak后面除了能接“語(yǔ)言”外,不能直接接?xùn)|西,后面加了to則表示“對(duì)......說(shuō)”。

  help sb. with sth.(幫助某人做/補(bǔ)習(xí)......)

  want to do sth.(想要做某事)

  would like to do sth.

  not...at all(一點(diǎn)都不);Not at all.(沒(méi)關(guān)系/別介意)

  like...a lot = like...very much

  2)some和any的區(qū)別:

  口訣:some用于肯定句,否定、疑問(wèn)變any。例如:

  I have some money.

  I dont have any money.

  Do you have any money?

  3)have a seat = take a seat(請(qǐng)隨便坐)

  4)祈使句(表示命令或請(qǐng)求的句子)

  祈使句一般都省略了主語(yǔ)You,所以其否定句直接用Dont開(kāi)頭。例如:

  Dont go there!

  5)問(wèn)職業(yè):

  What does sb. do? What is sb.?

  Whats sb.s job?

  6)work與job的區(qū)別:

  work是未必有報(bào)酬的“工作”,例如homework, housework;而job則一定是有報(bào)酬的'“工作”。

  7)on指在物體的表面,不論這個(gè)面是否水平的,例如:

  on the desk/ wall/ farm/ playground

  8)in hospital(住院);in the hospital(在醫(yī)院里)

  look after(照料/照顧/照看)

  help oneself(請(qǐng)自便/隨便吃)

  初一英語(yǔ)必考知識(shí)要點(diǎn)歸納 4

  1. What do you see? I see a frog/rabbit/bee/bird.

  2. What do you hear? I hear a hen/sheep/dog/cat.

  3. Smell the noodles, Ben. Taste the soup, Kitty. It’s nice. Yummy. Yummy.

  4. I like balls. I like dolls. I like kites. I like bicycles.

  5. Do you like sweets/jelly/biscuit/ice cream? Yes./ No. I like…

  6. Hello! What do you like? I like water/cola/juice/milk.

  7. Spring is green. Spring is warm. Summer is red. Summer is hot.

  8. How is the weather? It’s cloudy/sunny/rainy/windy.

  9. What do you need? I need a new T-shirt/dress/shorts/blouse.

  10. What can you do? I can sing/dance/draw.What can she/he do? She/He can ride/skip/play/fly.

  11. Happy New Year! A gift /card for you, Kitty. Thank you.

  12. I’m the wolf/boy/farmer /narrator.

  初一英語(yǔ)必考知識(shí)要點(diǎn)歸納 5

  一、48個(gè)國(guó)際音標(biāo)及26個(gè)英文字母的正確書(shū)寫

  要熟練掌握元音和輔音,5個(gè)元音字母(a, e, i, o, u),字母的正確占格及單詞間距。

  二、be動(dòng)詞的用法

  be動(dòng)詞有三種變形,分別是:am, is, are。記憶口訣:

  “我”用am, “你”用are, is用于“他、她、它”;單數(shù)全都用is,復(fù)數(shù)全部都用are。

  三、人稱及人稱代詞的不同形式(主格和賓格)

  1、三種人稱:第一人稱(I, we),第二人稱(you, you),第三人稱(he, she, it, Maria)。

  2、人稱代詞的主格,即人稱代詞位于句子主語(yǔ)位置時(shí)的形態(tài):I, We, You, You, He, She, It, Maria。

  3、人稱代詞的賓格,即人稱代詞位于句子賓語(yǔ)位置時(shí)的形態(tài):me, us, you, you, him, her, it。

  4、形容詞性物主代詞:my, our, your, your, his, her, its, their。

  5、名詞性物主代詞:mine, ours, yours, yours, his, hers, its, theirs。

  6、反身代詞:myself, ourselves, yourself, yourselves, himself, herself, itself, themselves。

  四、基數(shù)詞(表示數(shù)量多少的'詞,大致相當(dāng)于代數(shù)里的自然數(shù))

  zero, one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen, twenty, twenty-one, twenty-two, twenty-three,twenty-four, twenty-five, twenty-six, twenty-seven, twenty-eight, twenty-nine, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty,seventy, eighty, ninety, one hundred,one hundred and one。

  五、一般疑問(wèn)句及特殊疑問(wèn)句

  1、一般疑問(wèn)句:能用Yes或No來(lái)回答的問(wèn)句。一般疑問(wèn)句句尾讀升調(diào)。

  2、特殊疑問(wèn)句:不能用Yes或No來(lái)回答的問(wèn)句。特殊疑問(wèn)句句尾讀降調(diào)。

  六、可數(shù)名詞變復(fù)數(shù)

  可數(shù)名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí),有規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化兩種。

  1、規(guī)則變化:

  1)一般情況直接在詞尾加“-s ”,如:cake-cakes, bag-bags, day-days, face-faces, orange-oranges等;

  2)以s, x, sh, ch結(jié)尾的詞,要在詞尾加“-es ”,如:bus-buses, watch-watches, box-boxes等;

  3)以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的詞,變y為i再加“-es ”,如:baby-babies, country-countries, family-families等;

  4)部分以f (e)結(jié)尾的詞,變f (e)為“ves ”,如:knife-knives, half-halves等;

  5)以o結(jié)尾的詞,加“-s ”或“-es ”,如:zoo-zoos, photo-photos, tomato-tomatoes, potato-potatoes等。記憶口訣:除了“英雄”hero外,凡是能吃的,加“-es ”,不能吃的加“-s ”。

  2、不規(guī)則變化:

  1)改變單數(shù)名詞中的元音字母:man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, tooth-teeth等;

  2)單、復(fù)同形:sheep-sheep, Chinnese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese等;

  3)其他形式:mouse-mice, child-children等。

  七、簡(jiǎn)單句的成分及主謂一致原則

  最基本構(gòu)成:主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ),其中謂語(yǔ)由動(dòng)詞來(lái)充當(dāng)。

  主謂一致原則,就是句子的謂語(yǔ)要始終與主語(yǔ)保持?jǐn)?shù)量上的一致性。當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)(簡(jiǎn)稱“三單”)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也要相應(yīng)變成單數(shù)形式;當(dāng)主語(yǔ)非“三單”時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞就用原形。實(shí)意動(dòng)詞變“三單”的規(guī)則如下:

  1)一般動(dòng)詞在詞尾加“-s ”,如:like-likes, tell-tells, play-plays等;

  2)以字母s, x,ch, sh結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞加“-es ”,如:guess-guesses, teach-teaches, watch-watches等;

  3)以o結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞一般加“-es ”,如:do-does, go-goes等;

  4)以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞,先變y為i,再加“-而是”,如:fly-flies, carry-carries等;

  5)have的三單形式是has。

  八、冠詞的用法(名詞前面必須要有冠詞)

  冠詞分為定冠詞(the)和不定冠詞(a, an)兩種。

  1、定冠詞the表示“特指”,可譯為“這個(gè)”、“那個(gè)”、“這些”、“那些”。

  2、不定冠詞a,an用來(lái)表明(可數(shù))名詞的數(shù)量是“一個(gè)”。an用于以元音開(kāi)頭(注意不是以元音字母開(kāi)頭)的單詞前,a則英語(yǔ)非元音開(kāi)頭的單詞前。

  3、不定冠詞a,an與基數(shù)詞one的區(qū)別是:不定冠詞不是刻意強(qiáng)調(diào)“數(shù)量”,而基數(shù)詞則強(qiáng)調(diào)“數(shù)量”。

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