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定語(yǔ)從句that
定語(yǔ)從句that:
that常用作關(guān)系代詞,可指代某人,也可指代某物,指物時(shí)有的時(shí)候可用which替換that,指人時(shí)可用who替換。但在下列情況下,一般用that。
一、that指代某物事時(shí)
1.先行詞為all, few, little, much, the one, something, anything, everything, nothing等時(shí)。如:
。1)We'll do all that we can to protect the endangered plants and animals.
我們將盡我們的最大努力來(lái)保護(hù)那些瀕危的動(dòng)植物。
(2) There is much that I wan to tell you.
我有很多想要告訴你的話(huà)。
(3) Is there anything that I can do for you?
有什么我可以幫你的嗎?
2. 先行詞被all, every, no, some, any, (a)few, (a)little, much等限定詞修飾時(shí)。如:
(4) You can borrow any book that you want to read in our school library.
在我們圖書(shū)館,你可以借任何你想讀的書(shū)。
3. 先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。如:
。5)This is the most beautiful city that I've ever seen.
這是我見(jiàn)過(guò)的最漂亮的.城市。
4. 先行詞被the only, the very, the right, the last 等修飾時(shí)。如:
。6)This is the very factory that they visited last summer holiday.
這恰好是他們?nèi)ツ陞⒂^的那個(gè)工廠(chǎng)。
。7)This is the only painting in this style that we have.
這種風(fēng)格的畫(huà)我們僅有一幅。
5. 先行詞是并列結(jié)構(gòu),既有人又有物時(shí)。如:
。8)He talked happily of the writer and his books that interested him.
6. 先行詞前有the same 修飾,表示和先行詞是同一物時(shí)。如:
(9)This is the same purse that I lost yesterday.
這就是我昨天丟的那個(gè)錢(qián)夾。
注:如果表示的是與先行詞同一類(lèi)或相似的某物,則用the same…as….如:
。10)This is the same purse as I lost yesterday.
這個(gè)錢(qián)夾和我昨天丟的那個(gè)一樣。
7. 先行詞為數(shù)詞時(shí)。
。11)Look at the books on the bookshelf. You can see the two that you bought me for my birthday.
瞧書(shū)架上那些書(shū)。你可以看到我過(guò)生日時(shí)你買(mǎi)的那兩本。
8. 如果which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句中又含有一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句,為避免重復(fù),第二個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句用that。如:
。12)They built a factory which produced things that had never been seen.
他們建了一工廠(chǎng),生產(chǎn)以前從未見(jiàn)過(guò)的東西。
9. 以which作主語(yǔ)開(kāi)頭的特殊問(wèn)句,為了避免重復(fù),定語(yǔ)從句用that。如。
。13)Which is the bus that you will take?
你要乘的是哪一班車(chē)?
10. 關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作表語(yǔ)時(shí),而且通常省略。如:
(14)My hometown is no longer the place that it used to be.
我的家鄉(xiāng)再也不是以前那個(gè)樣子了。
11. 關(guān)系代詞在there be 句型中作主語(yǔ)時(shí),而且?梢允÷浴H纾
。15)This is the fastest train (that) there has ever been.
這是有史以來(lái)最快的列車(chē)。
二、that 指代某人時(shí)。
1. 泛指某人時(shí)。如:
(16)He is a man that is never at a loss.
他是一個(gè)從未一籌莫展的人。
2. 主句是以作主語(yǔ)的who開(kāi)頭的特殊問(wèn)句,為了避免重復(fù)時(shí)。如:
(17)Who is the person that is talking with our headmaster?
和我們校長(zhǎng)說(shuō)話(huà)的那人是誰(shuí)?
3. 先行詞前有the same時(shí)。如:
(18)This is the same man that gave us a talk last year.
這和去年給我們作報(bào)告的是同一人。
4. 關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作表語(yǔ)時(shí)。如:
。19)He has changed. He was not the man (that) he was 10 years ago.
他變了。他再也不是10年前的他了。
另外,that也可用作關(guān)系副詞,表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因和方式,在口語(yǔ)中可以用來(lái)代替when, where, why 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。在以下名詞day, year, time, moment, reason, place等作先行詞時(shí),可用that作關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。如:
。20)I'll never forget the day (that) I joined the League.
我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記我入團(tuán)的那一天。
。21)Is this the reason (that) they were late for the meeting?
這就是他們開(kāi)會(huì)遲到的原因嗎?
(22)We want to find a place (that) we can have a picnic.
我們想找一個(gè)我們能野餐的地方。
。23)This is the first time that I have been abroad for traveling.
這是我第一次到國(guó)外去旅游。
。ㄗⅲ合刃性~是time,前面有序數(shù)詞或last修飾時(shí),常用that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句或者省略。)
當(dāng)先行詞為表示方式的詞the way時(shí),可用that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句, that?梢允÷。
(24)I don't the way you speak to her.
我不喜歡你和她說(shuō)話(huà)那種方式。
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