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定語(yǔ)從句與強(qiáng)調(diào)句
定語(yǔ)從句與強(qiáng)調(diào)句是什么？相信很多人都想知道吧？以下是小編為您整理的定語(yǔ)從句與強(qiáng)調(diào)句相關(guān)資料，歡迎閱讀！
定語(yǔ)從句與強(qiáng)調(diào)句
首先我們來(lái)看下面這道題：
——Where did you find the professor who made the speech yesterday?
——It was in the hall ______ the students often have a meeting.
A. where B. which C. that D. when
這道題很多考生都會(huì)誤選C，認(rèn)為這是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句，強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ) in the hall。 假若選C，即 It was in the hall that the students often have a meeting，該句的意思是“學(xué)生們通常是在大廳開(kāi)會(huì)”，單獨(dú)看這一句，無(wú)論是其意思還是其語(yǔ)法都沒(méi)有問(wèn)題，但若將其與上文聯(lián)系起來(lái)看，則不通，因?yàn)樯衔牡囊馑际恰澳闶窃谀膬赫业阶蛱熳鲌?bào)告的.那位教授的?”假若將答句改為 It was in the hall that I found the professor，則完全可以。 因此，此題的最佳答案是A，“......where the students often have a meeting” 為定語(yǔ)從句，用以修飾其前的名詞 the hall，句意為“是在學(xué)生們經(jīng)常開(kāi)會(huì)的那個(gè)大廳(找到教授的)”，這樣語(yǔ)意就通順了。
在語(yǔ)法題中，我們經(jīng)常會(huì)遇到由it引導(dǎo)的句型結(jié)構(gòu)，it引導(dǎo)的句型結(jié)構(gòu)可構(gòu)成強(qiáng)調(diào)句或定語(yǔ)從句，考生常把兩者混淆，導(dǎo)致做題錯(cuò)誤。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，如果將it is/was...與連接詞去掉，句子成分完整仍然正確，就為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，這時(shí)，就選用that連接詞，否則就為定語(yǔ)從句，其關(guān)系詞的選擇，應(yīng)根據(jù)先行詞與從句的關(guān)系而定。
例如：(1) It is on the island that they spent 10 years.
(2) It is the island where (on which) they spent 10 years.
(1)句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句，表示地點(diǎn)的名詞the island前有介詞與其連用，說(shuō)明它是一個(gè)完整的地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。如果將it is去掉：They spent 10 years on the island.它的意義仍然完整，故應(yīng)選用連接詞that構(gòu)成強(qiáng)調(diào)句式。(2)句為定語(yǔ)從句，表示地點(diǎn)的名詞the island前沒(méi)有介詞與其連用，說(shuō)明它不是一個(gè)完整的地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。如果將it is去掉：They spent 10 years the island.它的意義不完整，故應(yīng)選用關(guān)系副詞where或on which 構(gòu)成定語(yǔ)從句結(jié)構(gòu)。
還有這樣一道題：
It was in the small house ______ was built with stones by his father ______ he spent his childhood.
A. which, that B. that, which
C. which, which D. that, where
【陷阱】幾個(gè)干擾項(xiàng)均有可能誤選，主要是分不清為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，或即使分清為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，也分不清強(qiáng)調(diào)哪一個(gè)成分。
【分析】答案選A，第一空填 which，用以引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句；第二空填that，為強(qiáng)調(diào)句的結(jié)構(gòu)詞，被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分為 in the small house (以及修飾它的定語(yǔ)從句 which was built with stones by his father)。此題難就難在強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中套用了定語(yǔ)從句。請(qǐng)?jiān)倏搭?lèi)似例子：
(1) It was the boy _____ had been in prison _____ stole the money.
A. who, where B. that, how
C. who, that D. that, which
此題答案選C，全句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句，被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分是 the boy (以及修飾它的定語(yǔ)從句who had been in prison)。
(2) It was just in the room _____ he was born _____ he died.
A. where, which B. that, that
C. where, that D. which, that
此題答案選C，全句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句，被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分是 in this room，where he was born 為修飾 the room 的定語(yǔ)從句。
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