定語(yǔ)從句that和which的區(qū)別
關(guān)于定語(yǔ)從句that和which大家了解過(guò)多少呢？可能很多人都不是很清楚，下面就是小編分享的 定語(yǔ)從句that和which的區(qū)別，一起來(lái)看一下吧。
定語(yǔ)從句that和which的區(qū)別1
在定語(yǔ)從句中，which 和that 在指代事物時(shí)，一般可以互換使用，但并非在任何情況下都是這樣，這里介紹宜用that， 而不宜用which 的情況。
�、傧刃性~為不定代詞，all，much，something，everything，anything，nothing，none，the one等，
1.We should do all that is useful to the people .
2.There's nothing that can be said about it .
3.Do you mean the one that was bought yesterday?
�、谙刃性~被only， any， few， little， no， just， very， one of等詞修飾時(shí).
1.The only thing that we could do was to wait.
2.That's the very word that is wrongly used.
The last place (that) we visited was the chemical works.
You can take any (=whichever) seat that is free.
I hope the little that I can will be of some help to them.
比較 *This is one of the best novels that were published last year.
*This is the only one of the best novels that was published last year.
�、巯刃性~是序數(shù)詞時(shí)或被序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí).
1.When we talk about Wuxi， the first that comes into mind is Tai Lake.
2.This is the third film that has been shown in our school this term.
�、芟刃性~是最高級(jí)或被最高級(jí)修飾時(shí).
1.This is the best that can be done now.
2.The most important thing that should be done right now is how to stop him from going on.
�、菹刃性~既有人又有物，用which和who都不適合，這時(shí)宜用that. 如：
1.The writer and his novel that you have just talked about is really well known .
2.The rider and his bike that had run over an old woman were held up by the police.
�、薇恍揎椩~為數(shù)詞時(shí).
1.Yesterday I caught two fish and put them in a basin of water .Now you can see the two that are still alive .
�、呷绻袃蓚�(gè)從句，其中一個(gè)關(guān)系代詞已用which ，另一個(gè)關(guān)系代詞宜用that，以避免語(yǔ)言的單調(diào)或重復(fù).
Edison built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.
⑧疑問(wèn)詞是who或which，關(guān)系代詞宜用that，以避免重復(fù).
1. Which is the book that you like best?
2. Who is the man that is standing at the gate?
�、嶂骶涫荰here be 結(jié)構(gòu)，修飾其主句的定語(yǔ)從句宜用that 作關(guān)系代詞. 如：
1. There is still a seat in the corner that is still free.
�、獗恍揎棾煞譃楸碚Z(yǔ)時(shí)，或者關(guān)系代詞本身是定語(yǔ)從句的表語(yǔ)時(shí)，該關(guān)系代詞宜用that .
1. That's a good book that will help you a lot.
2. My home village is no longer the place ( that ) it used to be .
定語(yǔ)從句中宜用which而不宜用that 的情況:
①當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞的前面有介詞時(shí).
1.A zoo is a park in which many kinds of animals are kept for exhibition.
2.Is this the room in which Mr. White lives?
�、谠诜窍拗菩远ㄕZ(yǔ)從句中.
1.Crusoe's dog， which was are now very old， became ill and died .
2.More and more people are beginning to learn English， which is becoming very popular in our country. (which指代主句)
�、墼谝粋�(gè)句子中有兩個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，其中一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞用了that， 另一個(gè)宜用which .
1. Let me show you the novel，that I borrowed from the library which was newly open to us.
2. At the station I bought some magazines that might help me to pass the time on the train and which I could pass on to others when I finished them.
④當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞后面帶有插入語(yǔ)時(shí).
1. Here's the English grammar which， as I have told you， will help improve your English.
�、菹刃性~本身是that， 宜用which .
What's that which she is looking at?
⑥先行詞是those+復(fù)數(shù)名詞.
A shop should keep a stock of those goods which sell best.
定語(yǔ)從句that和which的區(qū)別2
1. 當(dāng)先行詞為all， much， little， none及由any， every， some， no所構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞時(shí)。
如：
Please tell me anything that you know about the matter.
有關(guān)此事，凡是你所知道的請(qǐng)告訴我。
2. 當(dāng)先行詞被any， few， little， no， all， much， some等詞修飾時(shí)。
如：You can take any seat that is free.
任何空著的座位你都可以坐。
3. 當(dāng)先行詞為序數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞所修飾時(shí)。
如：
This is the fourth film that has been shown in our school this term.
這是我們校本學(xué)期放映的第四部電影。
4. 當(dāng)先行詞為形容詞最高級(jí)或被形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。
如：
This is the most interesting story book that I have ever read.
這是我讀過(guò)的一本最有趣的故事書(shū)。
5. 當(dāng)先行詞被the very， the only， the last， the just， the same等修飾時(shí)。
如：
The only thing that we could do was to wait.
我們唯一能做的事就是等待。
注意：先行詞被the same修飾時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞也可用as。
如：I need the same book that / as you have.
我需要有你一樣的書(shū)。
6. 當(dāng)先行詞既包含人又包含物時(shí)。
如： They are talking of the heroines and their deeds that interest them.
他們正在談?wù)撍麄兏信d趣的女英雄及她們的事跡。
7. 當(dāng)先行詞是疑問(wèn)代詞who，which，what或主句以這些詞開(kāi)頭時(shí)。
如：
Who that has ever worked together with him doesn’t admire him?
曾經(jīng)和他一起工作過(guò)的誰(shuí)不欽佩他？
8. 當(dāng)先行詞為主句表語(yǔ)或關(guān)系代詞為從句表語(yǔ)時(shí)。
如：
Our school is no longer the place that it used to be.
我們的學(xué)校現(xiàn)在已不是過(guò)去的那個(gè)樣子了。
9. 先行詞為time時(shí)，當(dāng)time表示次數(shù)，引導(dǎo)詞用that， 可省略。 當(dāng)表示時(shí)間，可用that或when引導(dǎo)，都可省略。
如：
I did't remember the exact time （when/that） I arrived in Shanghai last month.
我不記得上個(gè)月到達(dá)上海的確切時(shí)間了。
最后，請(qǐng)注意以下幾種只能使用which的情況:
1. 在“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中，關(guān)系代詞必須用which。
如：
This is the reference book of which the teacher is speaking.
這就是老師正在談及的那本參考書(shū)。
注意： 如果介詞不放在修飾事物的限定性定語(yǔ)從句的句首， which就可換為that，例如：
This is the question which/that we’ve had so much discussion about. =This is the question about which we’ve had so much discussion.
這就是我們已經(jīng)多次討論過(guò)的問(wèn)題。
2. 先行詞為“those＋表事物的復(fù)數(shù)名詞”時(shí)， 關(guān)系代詞通常只用which而不用that。
如：You should grasp well those skills which may be used in the future work.
你應(yīng)該掌握好這些可以用到未來(lái)工作中的.技能。
最后，記得這個(gè)特殊情況吧：當(dāng)先行詞是表示原因或方式的名詞時(shí)，可以用that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，相當(dāng)于介詞+which，that可以省略。
如：
He didn’t like the way that (=in which) she speaks to his mother.
他不喜歡她對(duì)他的母親那樣說(shuō)話。
Imagine the speed that (=at which) he drives the car.
很難想象，他開(kāi)車(chē)開(kāi)得那么快。
定語(yǔ)從句that和which的區(qū)別3
一、后接名詞時(shí)的區(qū)別
當(dāng)用作定語(yǔ)修飾其后接名詞時(shí)，只用which和what，不能用who。which和what的區(qū)別是：前者用于選擇范圍較小或較明確的場(chǎng)合，后者用于選擇范圍較大或不明確的場(chǎng)合。如：
Which color do you like， black or white? 黑色和白色，你喜歡哪種？
Which is bigger， the sun or the earth? 太陽(yáng)和地球哪個(gè)大?
What color is your car? 你的汽車(chē)是什么顏色的？
但是，若指人，即使選擇的范圍不明確，也可用which。如：
Which [What] writers do you like? 你喜歡哪些作家?
二、其后不接名詞時(shí)的區(qū)別
當(dāng)其后不接名詞時(shí)，三者均可用，which和what的用法區(qū)別依然是：前者用于選擇范圍較小或較明確的場(chǎng)合，后者用于選擇范圍較大或不明確的場(chǎng)合。如：
Which is in the box， the red one or the black one? 哪一個(gè)在盒子里，是紅色的那個(gè)還是黑色的那一個(gè)？
What is in the box? 盒子里裝的是什么東西？
至于who，它一般只用來(lái)指人，不管選擇范圍大還是小、明確還是不明確均可用。如：
Who won –– Tom or Mike? 誰(shuí)贏了，是湯姆還是邁克?
Who is your favorite poet? 你最喜歡的詩(shī)人是誰(shuí)?
注：當(dāng)選擇范圍比較明確且用作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，who也可以用which或which one代之。如：
Who [Which / Which one] do you like better， your father or your mother? 你更喜歡誰(shuí)，父親還是母親?
三、與else以及of短語(yǔ)搭配時(shí)的區(qū)別
1. 正由于what和who的選擇范圍可以很大或不明確，所以其后可以跟 else，但一般不跟表示特定范圍的of短語(yǔ)。如：
What else have you bought? 你還買(mǎi)了些什么?
Who else was at the party? 聚會(huì)上還有誰(shuí)?
在你的老師之中，你最喜歡哪一位?
正：Which of your teachers do you like best?
誤：Who [What] of your teachers do you like best?
我們當(dāng)中誰(shuí)去洗衣服?
正：Which of us is going to do the washing?
誤：Who of us is going to do the washing?
這些詞典當(dāng)中哪一本是你的?
正：Which of these dictionaries is yours?
誤：What of these dictionaries is yours?
2. 而which 的選擇范圍相對(duì)比較小或明確，所以其后一般不接else，但卻常與表特定范圍的of短語(yǔ)連用：
Which of the three girls is the oldest? 這三個(gè)女孩中哪個(gè)年紀(jì)最大?
Which of the boys is the strongest? 這些男孩當(dāng)中，哪一個(gè)力氣最大?
你還要點(diǎn)別的什么嗎?
正：What else would you like?
誤：Which else would you like?
四、口語(yǔ)中的用法區(qū)別
比較以下三組對(duì)話，注意體會(huì)它們的區(qū)別：
A：Who is he? 他是誰(shuí)？
B：He is Mary’s husband. 他是瑪麗的丈夫。
注：Who is he? 的意思是要了解他的一些情況。
A：What is he? 他是干什么的？
B：He is an English teacher. 他是英語(yǔ)教師。
注：What is he? 的意思是詢問(wèn)他的職業(yè)。
A：Which is he? 哪位是他？
B：The one by the window. 窗戶邊的那位。
注：Which is he? 的意思是要在幾個(gè)人中辨別要找的人。
定語(yǔ)從句that和which的區(qū)別4
1.as 和which都可以在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，既可修飾一個(gè)詞也可修飾前面的整個(gè)句子。
A.She accepted his proposal， as(which)was natural.
她接受了她的求婚，這是自然而然的。
B.The boy is pretty handsome， as(which)we can see in our classroom.
這個(gè)男孩非常的帥氣，正如我們?cè)诮淌铱吹健?/p>
2.as 在非限定性定語(yǔ)從句中的使用
2.1 as可以放在主句之前，主句之后，也可以放在句中，可以說(shuō)位置很靈活。但是which常用在主句之后
A.As we know，technology just like a engine to push the development of economics.
眾所周知，技術(shù)就像是引擎推動(dòng)著經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展。
B.The diva，as you know， is famous throughoutthe world.
這個(gè)女歌劇演唱家，正如你知道的，在全世界都出名。
C.He has stood her up， which I don`t believe.
他沒(méi)有赴約，這事我不相信。
2.2 as與the same，such 連用時(shí)，用as。
A.This is the same phone as I have borrowed from my sister.
這個(gè)手機(jī)和我向我姐姐借的一樣。
B.I have never had such a chance to make a speech as I always imagined.
我從沒(méi)有這樣一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)去演講，正如我一直想象的那樣。
2.3在從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，缺少主語(yǔ)時(shí)用as，不用which。
A.Everyone knows that she has left， as was expected.
所有人都知道她又一次離開(kāi)了，正如我們預(yù)料的那樣。
定語(yǔ)從句that和which的區(qū)別5
which在定語(yǔ)從句中只作主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)，修飾物
when，where在定語(yǔ)從句中只作狀語(yǔ)，分別作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)和時(shí)間狀語(yǔ).
如定語(yǔ)從句中缺少句子成份，即，主，賓或表語(yǔ)缺其中任意一項(xiàng)，先行詞又是表物的名詞或代詞，定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞就用which
如定語(yǔ)從句中不缺少句子成份，即，主，賓或表齊全，如先行詞為表地點(diǎn)的名詞或代詞，定語(yǔ)從句就用where，如先行詞是表時(shí)間的名詞或代詞，定語(yǔ)從句就用when引導(dǎo).
如果是表示地點(diǎn)的詞，則要用where（前提：沒(méi)有介詞）
如果是表示時(shí)間的，就要用when
如果是表示原因的，如reason 就用why
在一定程度上，IN WHICH與WHERE是相等的。他們修飾 的先行詞是表地點(diǎn)的
例如:The house where I live is beautibul.
=The house in which I live is beautibul.
但是當(dāng)下面兩種情況時(shí)就不相等了。
1、若IN提前，只能用WHICH，就不能用WHERE.
例如;The house in( )I live is beautibul.
句中的空就不能填WHERE.
或者:The house ( ) I live in is beautibul.
句中的空也不能填WHERE，因?yàn)楹竺嬗薪樵~IN呀。WHERE是副詞，不能跟介詞。
2、若這個(gè)表地點(diǎn)的先行詞是人不能到達(dá)的，就不能用WHERE.
例如:先行詞是在墻里的某個(gè)東西，那么就只能用IN+WHICH，而不能用 WHERE.
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