英語專八的閱讀訓(xùn)練
詞匯：
1. Apostolic 羅馬教皇的，使徒的
2. in succession to 繼承，接班
3. Martin Luther 馬丁?路德 1483——1546德國宗教改革家
4. teachings 教義
5. renounce 拋棄，擯棄，否認(rèn)
6. papacy 羅馬教皇職位/制度，這里指羅馬教皇
7. cling to 堅(jiān)持
8. damnation 詛咒，永遠(yuǎn)的處罰
9. bloodsucker 吸血鬼
10. depot 倉庫，補(bǔ)給站
11. gorgeous 華麗的，燦爛的'，輝煌的
12. spice 香料
13. enterprise 事業(yè)，業(yè)績，功勛
難句譯注：
例1. Thus Europe was divided in every which way, the southern and eastern two-thirds still Catholic, the northern and western one-third what was coming to be called Protestant, though English-ruled Ireland solidly Catholic and the Spanish-ruled Netherlands, particularly the northern part approximating to modern Holland, grew increasingly Protestant; while in virtually every country, whether officially Catholic or Protestant, those of the contrary faith fiercely attempted to convert their neighbors and equally fiercely resisted their neighbor’s attempts to convert them.
[結(jié)構(gòu)簡析] every which way. 四面八方，散亂。這里指四分五裂。EX : Railroads cross the country in every which way. 鐵路四通八達(dá)，縱橫全國。
[參考譯文] 就這樣歐洲四分五裂：東南部2/3仍然是天主教，西北部1/3是后來被稱為的基督教，雖然英國統(tǒng)治的愛爾蘭是穩(wěn)固的天主教，而西班牙統(tǒng)治的荷蘭，特別是靠近現(xiàn)代荷蘭的北部地區(qū)越來越變成基督教。事實(shí)上，在每個(gè)國家，不論官方聲稱是天主教還是基督教，相反信仰的人都拼命想把他的鄰居變過來，也同樣強(qiáng)烈的抵制他們的鄰居企圖把他們變過去。
例2. Each party believed that it had hold of the truth, the only truth that mattered, the one that led to eternal salvation, and its adversaries clung to falsehood which must necessarily head to eternal damnation: not only for themselves but for all who should permit them to survive and infect others with their errors.
[結(jié)構(gòu)簡析] believed 有兩個(gè)賓語從句，用and連接。第一個(gè)賓語從句that it had hold of the truth中，the only… the one…都說明truth,是它的同位語。And 后的賓語從句省略了連詞that，句中有定語從句which must 修飾falsehood，后面的who定從修飾all.
[參考譯文] 每一派都認(rèn)為他掌握了真理，唯一的至關(guān)重要的這里，通向永恒獲救解脫，而它的對(duì)手（敵人）死抓住錯(cuò)誤不放，這必然導(dǎo)致永恒的詛咒；不僅詛咒他們自己，還詛咒那些讓他們生存下去，讓他們錯(cuò)誤感染別人的人。
例3. Just as Elizabeth was to ardent Catholics that Jezebel, so to earnest Protestants the Pope was “that wolfish bloodsucker,” and their Catholic fellow-creatures mad dogs, toads and other such vermin to be cleansed off the face of the earth.
[結(jié)構(gòu)簡析] 注意just as…so …句型，so 后是部分倒裝。To cleanse off消減，清除出。Jezebel耶西別古代以色列國王亞哈的妻子，殘忍。后指無恥放蕩的女人，胭脂虎。這里指英國女王伊麗莎白。
[參考譯文] 就像伊麗莎白女王對(duì)狂熱的天主教徒來講那是個(gè)耶西別；對(duì)基督教徒來說羅馬教皇是那個(gè)殘忍的吸血鬼。天主教徒是瘋狗，蛤蟆，其他種種惡魔，應(yīng)從地球表面上清除出去。
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