小考必考的英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納精華版
小考是小學(xué)生極其重要的一次考試,所以平時(shí)要做好英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納,把一些必考的知識(shí)點(diǎn)記牢。小編為大家力薦了小考英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié),給大家作為參考,歡迎閱讀!
小考英語(yǔ)必考知識(shí)點(diǎn)
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)
表示正在發(fā)生的事情或進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,常與now,listen,look等詞連用,結(jié)構(gòu)是主語(yǔ)+be動(dòng)詞(am, is, are)+動(dòng)詞ing.
如:It is raining now.
外面正在下雨
It is six o’clock now.
現(xiàn)在6點(diǎn)了
My parents are reading newspapers in the sitting room.
我父母正在客廳看報(bào)紙
Look! The children are having a running race now.
看!孩子們正在賽跑
問(wèn)句將be動(dòng)詞移前,否定句在be動(dòng)詞后+not.
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)
表示經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生的事情或動(dòng)作,常與often, usually, sometimes, always, every day(week year…) on Sundays等詞連用。
結(jié)構(gòu)是主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形;當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)即he,she, it, Tom, my mother, the boy等詞時(shí),動(dòng)詞后加s或es.
如:We have an English lesson every day.
我們每天都要上英語(yǔ)課
Do the boys run faster than the girls? Yes, they do.
男孩比女孩跑的快嗎?是的
問(wèn)句借助于do, does否定句借助于don’t, doesn’t,后面動(dòng)詞一定要還原。
小考英語(yǔ)必知知識(shí)點(diǎn)
一 數(shù)詞的種類 數(shù)詞分基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞
基數(shù)詞是表示自然數(shù)列的詞, 例如; one , two ,three,four.....
序數(shù)詞是表示先后順序的詞, 例如: first, second ,third,fourth...
二 基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞的表示法
1.基數(shù)詞單詞的'拼寫:1~12為單詞,13~19都以后綴-teen結(jié)尾,20至90這樣的整十?dāng)?shù)都以后綴-ty結(jié)尾,其他基數(shù)詞中間加連字符號(hào)“-”再按照上述的變化進(jìn)行。
例:21→twenty-one 56-- fifty-six 85→eighty-five
三位數(shù)的構(gòu)成為:幾+百+and+末兩位(或末一位)數(shù)
例:132→one hundred and thirty-two
205→two hundred and five
千以上的數(shù)字的讀法:從后面往前,每三位數(shù)作為一個(gè)單位,分別為thousand, million.
32, 548, 652, 讀作:thirty two million, five hundred and forty eight thousand, six hundredand fifty two
2. 序數(shù)詞=基數(shù)詞+th (1、2、3為 first, second, third)。但以下幾種情況要注意:
1) fifth (第五),eighth (第八),ninth (第九),twelfth (第十二)
2) 以ty結(jié)尾的基數(shù)詞變?cè)~尾為tieth
例:twenty→twentieth, ninety→ninetieth
3)復(fù)合序數(shù)詞只需要將相應(yīng)基數(shù)詞中最后一位變成序數(shù)詞,其余不變。
例:第二十一→twenty-first
第二百四十五→two hundred and forty-fifth
小考英語(yǔ)易錯(cuò)知識(shí)點(diǎn)
1. “人名、地名、國(guó)名”等專有名詞前通常不用冠詞:
1). Mary; Tom; Jim; Miss Li; Mr. Zhang; Lei Feng
2). Beijing; Shanghai; London; Paris
3). England; China; Germany; South Africa
但如后有定語(yǔ)修飾表特指,需加定冠詞:
1). He is not longer the Brown we knew ten years ago. 他不是我們十年前認(rèn)識(shí)的那個(gè)布朗。
2). The Beijing of today is different from what it was. 今天的北京不同與從前的北京了。
2. “街名、廣場(chǎng)名、公園名、大學(xué)名”等專有名詞前通常不用冠詞:
1). Wang Fu Jing Street 王府井大街; Naking Road 南京路
3). Pei Hai Park 北海公園; Hyde Park海德公園
4). Beijing University 北京大學(xué); Zhejiang University 浙江大學(xué)
但也可說(shuō):the University of Beijing; the University of Zhejiang
3. 正職或表示獨(dú)一無(wú)二的官銜,職位,稱號(hào)”的專有名詞作表語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)、介詞的賓語(yǔ)或同位語(yǔ)時(shí),前一般不加冠詞:
The guards took the American to General Lee. 士兵們把這個(gè)美國(guó)人送到李將軍那里。
Lincoln, president of the United States, was murdered in 1864.
In 1860, Lincoln became President of the United States.
We made him head of our class.
但這個(gè)名詞后有短語(yǔ)“of”時(shí),有時(shí)也可加“the”:
He is (the) captain of the basketball team. 他是籃球隊(duì)的隊(duì)長(zhǎng)。
He is chairman of the Students’ Union. 他是學(xué)生會(huì)主席。
如不是獨(dú)一的要加不定冠詞:
She is a teacher of English in our school. 她是我校的一位英語(yǔ)教師。
4. “個(gè)體名詞復(fù)數(shù)”表泛指一類人或事物時(shí)不用冠詞:
1). My mother and father are school teachers. 我母親和父親都是教師。
2). Horses are useful animals. 馬是有用的動(dòng)物。
5. “抽象名詞、物質(zhì)名詞”表示一般概念時(shí),通常不加冠詞:
1). Failure is the mother of success. 失敗乃成功之母。
2). Man cannot live without water. 人離開(kāi)水就無(wú)法生存。
3). He is fond of music. 他喜歡音樂(lè)。
但如后有定語(yǔ)修飾表特指,需加定冠詞:
1). The news that you heard is true. 你聽(tīng)到的消息是真的。
2). The water in this well is fit to drink. 這口井里的水能喝。
3). The music of the film is very beautiful. 這部影片的音樂(lè)很動(dòng)聽(tīng)。
6. “節(jié)日、季節(jié)”等名詞前不用冠詞:
1). New Year's Day 新年,元旦; Women’s Day 婦女節(jié); Labour Day 勞動(dòng)節(jié);
Children's Day 兒童節(jié); April Fools’Day 愚人節(jié); National Day 國(guó)慶節(jié);
Thanksgiving Day falls on the 4th Thursday in November. 感恩節(jié)在每年十一月的第四個(gè)星期四。
Christmas Day 圣誕節(jié);
但我國(guó)的節(jié)日前用定冠詞:
the Spring Festival 春節(jié); the Mid-Autumn Festival 中秋節(jié)
2). in spring (summer, autumn, winter)
Winter has come, is spring still far away? 冬天來(lái)了,春天還會(huì)遠(yuǎn)嗎?
但如后有定語(yǔ)修飾表特指,需加定冠詞:
in the spring of 1945 一九四五年的春季
7. “年份、月份、星期、日期”等名詞前不用冠詞:
in 1988; in August; on Thursday; on August 8th
We go to school from Monday to Friday. 我們從星期一到星期五都上課。
8. “一日三餐”等名詞前不用冠詞:
have breakfast (lunch, supper)
I have breakfast at 7 every day.
但如前面有形容詞修飾,需用不定冠詞;后面有定語(yǔ)修飾,需用定冠詞:
He had a big breakfast today. 他今天吃了頓豐盛的早餐。
The breakfast he had today was good. 他今天吃的早餐不錯(cuò)。
9. 球類運(yùn)動(dòng)和娛樂(lè)運(yùn)動(dòng)的名稱前,不用冠詞:
1). play football (basketball; volleyball; tennis; tennis ball)
2). play chess
10. 當(dāng)“bike, car, bus, train, boat, ship, plane”等與“by”連用,表示一種交通手段時(shí),不用冠詞:
by bus,by train;
He goes to work by bike. 他騎車去上班。
Did you come back by plane or by train? 你坐飛機(jī)還是坐火車回來(lái)的?
“by water, by land, by sea, by air”以及“on foot, on horseback”也屬同種情況:
She said they would go there by air. 她說(shuō)他們將坐飛機(jī)去那兒。
Two men on horseback —— nothing else. 有兩個(gè)人在馬背上,別的一無(wú)所有。
但當(dāng)這些名詞特指某一交通工具時(shí),則要與冠詞連用:
The assistant went on a bike. 助手騎一輛自行車出去了。
After the school the girl returned home on the 9:30 train.
放學(xué)后,這女孩坐9:30的火車回家去。
11. 序數(shù)詞作副詞時(shí),前不用冠詞:
He came first in the race.
Work must come first.
12. 一些固定詞組中:go to bed, go to school, by bus, at night
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