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英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法倒裝句講解
英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法是針對(duì)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言進(jìn)行研究后,系統(tǒng)地總結(jié)歸納出來(lái)的一系列語(yǔ)言規(guī)則。英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法的精髓在于掌握語(yǔ)言的使用。下面是小編為大家收集的英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法倒裝句講解,僅供參考,大家一起來(lái)看看吧。
倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)
1.下列否定詞及含有否定意義的詞組修飾狀語(yǔ)時(shí),若置于句首,句子的主謂要部分倒裝:never, no, neither, not only, hardly, scarcely, little, seldom, rarely, not until, nowhere, at no time, on no account, in no respect, in no sense, by no means, in no way, no longer, no less, no more, no sooner than, under no circumstances, in vain, still less。如:
Not only is its direct attack on their discipline, it bypasses the essence of what sociologists focus on.
Under no circumstances should we do anything that will benefit ourselves but harm the interests of the state.
2.以only修飾狀語(yǔ)開頭的句子,句子的主謂要部分倒裝
Only when you have obtained sufficient data can you come to a sound conclusion.
3.以下列副詞或短語(yǔ)開頭的句子,句子的主謂要部分倒裝
often, so, well, to such a degree, to such an extent, to such extremes, to such a point,many a time。如:
So involved with their computers do the children become that leaders at summer computer camps often have to force them to break for sports and games.
4.以下列副詞開頭的句子,句子的主謂要全部倒裝
(1)出于修辭需要,表示方向的副詞:out, down, in, up, away, on。如:
Down jumped the burglar from the tenth floor when he heard someone shouted at him.
(2)出于習(xí)慣用法:here, there, now, thus, hence, then。如:
Now is your turn.?There goes the bell.
5.讓步從句的倒裝
(1)as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句,必須采用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu),但不是主謂倒裝,而是將被強(qiáng)調(diào)的內(nèi)容置于句首。如:
Much as I have traveled, I have never seen anyone to equal her, in thoroughness, whatever the job.
(2)出現(xiàn)在句型be+主語(yǔ)+其他, come what may中。如:
Our civilization has accumulated an incredible amount of knowledge—be it scientific or artistic.
The business of each day, be it selling goods or shipping them, went quite smoothly.?Come what may, I’ll be on your side.
6.比較從句的倒裝
as, than引導(dǎo)的比較從句中,如果主語(yǔ)是名詞短語(yǔ)且較長(zhǎng),經(jīng)常采用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)(不倒裝也可以)。注意:這種結(jié)構(gòu)主語(yǔ)一般為名詞,如果是代詞則不倒裝。如:
Hydrogen burns much more cleanly than do other fuels and is easy to produce.?Reading is to the mind as is exercise to the body.
英語(yǔ)倒裝句的類型
1. 用于 there be 句型.
2. 用于“ here ( there, now, then )+不及物動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)”的句型中,或以 in, out, up, down, away 等副詞開頭的句子里,以表示強(qiáng)調(diào).
注意:
。1)主語(yǔ)是代詞時(shí),主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)不倒裝.
。2) here , there 放在句首通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí).
3. 當(dāng)句首狀語(yǔ)為表示地點(diǎn)的介詞詞組.
4. 表語(yǔ)置于句首時(shí),倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)為“表語(yǔ)+連系動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)”:
。1)形容詞+連系動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)
Present at the meeting were Mr Li, Mr Wang and many other teachers.
出席會(huì)議的有李老師、王老師和其他很多老師.
。2)過(guò)去分詞+連系動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)
Gone are the days when we used foreign oil.
我們使用洋油的日子一去不復(fù)返了.
。3)介詞短語(yǔ)+ be +主語(yǔ)
Among the goods are books, exercise-books, pens and some other things.
在所有的貨物中有書、練習(xí)冊(cè)、鋼筆和其他東西.
5. 用于 so, neither , nor 開頭的句子,表示重復(fù)前句的部分內(nèi)容.原句的謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)與前句的謂語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)、形式相一致.
例如:You cant speak French. Neither can she.
你不會(huì)說(shuō)法語(yǔ),她也不會(huì).
6. 為了保持句子平衡,或?yàn)榱藦?qiáng)調(diào)表語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ),或是上下文緊密銜接時(shí).
例如: They arrived at a small village, in front of which was a big river.
他們來(lái)到一個(gè)小村莊,村莊前面是條大河。
倒裝句的作用
1.表示強(qiáng)調(diào)
倒裝句最突出、最常見的修辭效果就是強(qiáng)調(diào),其表現(xiàn)形式如下:
only +狀語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)從句置于句首,被該狀語(yǔ)修飾的句子用部分倒裝。
例子:
Only in this way can you solve this problem.
只有用這種方法,你才可以解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題。
2.承上啟下
為了避免句子部分內(nèi)容不必要的重復(fù),常用"so+be動(dòng)詞(助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞)+主語(yǔ)"倒裝句式或"neither/nor + be動(dòng)詞(助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞)+主語(yǔ)"的倒裝句式。
3.制造懸念渲染氣氛
在新聞或文學(xué)創(chuàng)作中,有時(shí)為了內(nèi)容的需要,或是為了強(qiáng)調(diào),作者常常運(yùn)用倒裝來(lái)制造懸念,渲染氣氛。
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