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職稱英語(yǔ)考試《綜合B》概括大意歷年真題
在日常學(xué)習(xí)、工作生活中，我們都不可避免地會(huì)接觸到考試真題，考試真題可以幫助學(xué)�；蚋髦鬓k方考察參試者某一方面的知識(shí)才能。大家知道什么樣的考試真題才是規(guī)范的嗎？以下是小編為大家收集的職稱英語(yǔ)考試《綜合B》概括大意歷年真題，歡迎閱讀與收藏。
職稱英語(yǔ)考試《綜合B》概括大意歷年真題 1
Teaching Is "One of the Least Popular Jobs in the UK"
(1) The UK government has just published a report on the future of secondary-school teaching (pupils aged 11-16), and the conclusion of the report is that many secondary schools now face great difficulties in finding people who want to be teachers, Since the 1980s, the number of graduates who say they would "seriously consider" teaching as a career has fallen sharply,from 64% in 1982 to just 17% today. The report suggests that urgent action needs to be taken in order to encourage more intelligent young graduates into teaching.
(2) The main drawback of secondary teaching according to the report, is the low salary. Earnings in teaching are much lower than in many other jobs, and this means that fewer and fewer young people decide to be teachers. Joanne Manners,24, is a good example: "I graduated in maths last year, and I was thinking of doing a teacher-training course to become a maths teacher -- but when I looked into the details, it became clear that teaching isnt very lucrative(賺錢的) job these days. I saw I could earn twice as much if I worked in marketing or advertising, and so I decided not to become a teacher."
(3) Its not just about the money, however. The survey concluded that another reason why people dont want to be teachers is that some teenagers behave very badly in school. A lot of schools have problems with discipline, and it seems clear that children do not have the same respect for teachers as in the past. Heres the view of Dave Hallam, an account from London, "I think parents are to blame. They should have stricter rules with their children at home and also teach their children to have more respect for teachers,"
(4)"I love teaching; its my passion. Ive been a secondary-school teacher of Spanish for ten years now, and although its a very demanding job, its very satisfying. When I see my students passing their Spanish exams, or singing along to Spanish pop songs, it makes me feel so proud," says Brian Jones, who works in a secondary school in London. So what does he think the government should reduce the burden of work on teachers, "I find that I always have too much work to do."
(5) The report is clear that the problem of teacher shortage is a very serious one. It says that the government should raise teachers pay significantly, to catch up with workers in other professions. It also suggests that the government could launch a nationwide publicity campaign, with some advertisements on TV and in the newspapers, to show the positive sides of teaching to young people. Another solution could be set a maximum number hours per week that teachers can work, in order to reduce stress on teachers. "Hopefully," the report concludes, "these solutions can improve the poor image of secondary teaching, and increase the number of young people who want to become teachers in the future."
23. Paragraph 1 __________
24. Paragraph 2__________
25. Paragraph 3 __________
26. Paragraph 4 __________
A. Students bad behavior and lack of discipline
B. Improvement of children behavior
C. Heavy workload on teachers
D. The problem of low salary
E. A report on teacher shortage
F. A nationwide publicity campaign
27. More and more young people are held back from teaching __________.
28. Parents are encouraged to back the teacher up when there are ___________.
29. The government should reduce the workload on teachers to ease__________.
30. The government should promote teaching as a career by advertising __________.
A. its benefits
B. their childhood memories
C. their stress
D. more training
E. discipline problems
F. because oflow pay
答案與解析
23.E。題干：第一段的主要內(nèi)容是__________。第一段的主題句是第一句，大意是說(shuō)英國(guó)政府的一項(xiàng)報(bào)告指出許多中學(xué)面臨著師資困難，故E(有關(guān)師資短缺的報(bào)告)是正確答案。
24.D。題干：第二段的主要內(nèi)容是__________。第二段首句是主題句，大意為“根據(jù)報(bào)告，中學(xué)教學(xué)的主要問(wèn)題是工資低”，故D(低工資的問(wèn)題)是正確答案。
25.A。題干：第三段的主要內(nèi)容是__________。第三段的主題句為第二句，“yet”之前討論的是師資不足不僅僅是錢的問(wèn)題，“yet”之后討論人們不愿做老師的另外一個(gè)原因就是有些學(xué)生行為惡劣，因而A(學(xué)生的不良行為和缺乏管束)是正確答案。
26.c。題干：第四段的主要內(nèi)容是__________。四段沒(méi)有主題句，以Brian Jones的例子來(lái)說(shuō)明教師在看到學(xué)生通過(guò)考試時(shí)的滿足感，后半部分則是他希望政府能夠給老師減負(fù)，故C(教師工作負(fù)擔(dān)重)是正確答案。(如果段落之中沒(méi)有明顯的主題句，則需要根據(jù)大意或者高頻詞匯進(jìn)行判斷。)
27.F。題干：越來(lái)越多的年輕人不愿意從事教師的.職業(yè)__________。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞young people可以定位到第二段第二句，教師工資比很多其他職業(yè)的工資低得多，這意味著越來(lái)越少的年輕人決定做教師，所以答案為F(因?yàn)榈凸べY)
28.E。題干：家長(zhǎng)被鼓勵(lì)要支持教師，當(dāng)有__________的時(shí)候。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞parents和back the teacher可以定位到第三段最后兩句，Dave Hallam認(rèn)為家長(zhǎng)要為孩子在學(xué)校的不良行為負(fù)責(zé)，應(yīng)該在家嚴(yán)格要求孩子，同時(shí)也要教會(huì)孩子尊重老師，對(duì)比幾個(gè)選項(xiàng)，可以發(fā)現(xiàn)選項(xiàng)E(紀(jì)律問(wèn)題)比較符合語(yǔ)境。
29.C。題干：政府應(yīng)該給教師減負(fù)來(lái)減輕__________。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞reduce the workload可以定位到第三段最后一句，可知Brian認(rèn)為政府應(yīng)該給教師減負(fù)，因?yàn)樗l(fā)現(xiàn)他的工作量太多了，所答案為C(他們的壓力)o
30.A。題干：政府應(yīng)該通過(guò)宣傳__________來(lái)提升教師職業(yè)。利用題目順序和段落順序一致的原則以及題干關(guān)鍵詞government，promotin9和advertisin9等可以定位到第五段的第三句，即政府也應(yīng)發(fā)動(dòng)全國(guó)性的宣傳運(yùn)動(dòng)，例如在電視和報(bào)紙做廣告等，來(lái)展示教授年輕人的積極意義。因此，該題答案選A(它的好處)。
職稱英語(yǔ)考試《綜合B》概括大意歷年真題 2
supermarket
supermarket is a type of retailing institution that has a moderately broad product assortment spanning groceries and some nonfood lines, that ordinarily emphasizes price in either an offensive or defensive way. as a method, supermarket retailing features several related product lines, a high degree of self-service, largely centralized checkout, and competitive prices. the supermarket approach to retailing is used to sell various kinds of merchandise, ____(1)____.
The term supermarket usually refers to an institution in the grocery retailing field. most supermarkets emphasize price. some use price offensively by featuring low prices in order to attract customers. other supermarkets use price more defensively by relying on leader pricing to avoid a price disadvantage. since supermarkets typically have very thin gross margins, they need high levels of inventory turnover to achieve satisfactory returns on invested capital.
Supermarkets originates in the early 1930s. they were established by independents ____(2)____. supermarkets were an immediate success, and the innovation was soon adopted by chain stores. in recent decades supermarkets have added various nonfood lines to provide customers with one-stop shopping convenience and to improve overall gross margins.
Today stores using the supermarket method of retailing are dominant in grocery retailing. however, different names are used to distinguish these institutions ____(3)____:
A superstore is a larger version of the supermarket. it offers more grocery and nonfood items ____(4)____. many supermarket chains are emphasizing superstores in their new construction.
Combination stores are usually even larger than superstore. they, too, offer more groceries and nonfoods than a supermarket but also most product lines found in a large drugstore. some combination stores are joint ventures between supermarkets and drug chains such as kroger and sav-on.
For many years the supermarket has been under attack from numerous competitors. for example, a grocery shopper can choose among not only many brands of supermarkets but also various types of institutions (warehouse stores, gourmet shops, meat and fish markets, and convenience stores). supermarkets have reacted to competitive pressures ____(5)____: some cut costs and stressed low prices by offering more private brands and generic products and few customer services. others expanded their store size and assortments by adding more nonfood lines (especially products found in drugstores), groceries attuned to a particular market area (foods that appeal to a specific ethnic group, for example), and various service departments (including video rentals, restaurants, delicatessens, financial institutions, and pharmacies).
a by size and assortment
b than a conventional supermarket does
c including building materials, office products, and, of course, groceries
d attracting more customers with their low prices
e primarily in either of two ways
f to compete with grocery chains
keys: CFABE
職稱英語(yǔ)考試《綜合B》概括大意歷年真題 3
The Story of Lani
Five-year-old Lani still takes seven medicines with her breakfast every morning�！癝he’s very good about it ”says her father David.Lani is alive today because of her father David，in more than one way;when she was one year old she received part of her father’s liver in a liver—transplant operation.Lani was born with a liver illness . __________ (1) Doctors advised that a transplant was the only way in which she would live.
The operation lasted 12 hours and needed two teams，one for the father and one for thedaughter __________ (2)In these cases，the donor’s liver grows to normal size in about eight weeks。and t11e child’s liver becomes smaller.
Lani spent three weeks in hospital after the operation.Because the receiver’s body tries to reject the new organ，the patient has to be given special drugs __________ (3)
Although David left hospital after 10 days，he didn’t return to work until after three months.In order to reach the liver, the doctors have to cut through the stomach wall，which is strong and full of muscle.It therefore takes a long time to recover after this operation. __________ (4)So far，only 16 of these liver—transplant operations have been carried out in Britain. __________ (5)Doctors say,“If possible，we prefer to take a liver from a dead don not, usually a parent.”
Lani still has to look after her health，and she gets more tired than other children of the same age，but doctors hope that she will continue to get stronger and stronger.
A She had one operation when she was six weeks old，which was not successful.
B While these drugs are given，it is important that the patient does not catch any illness，not even a cold.
C In this operation a piece of liver, weighing about 250--300 grams，was removed from the father and transplanted into the daughter.
D David quickly recovered from the operation.
E However, they are more common in North America and Japan.
F David was finally able to ride his bike again after about a year.
答案：1. A 2. C 3. B 4. F 5. E
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