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2024年公共英語一級(jí)完形填空考試題附答案
無論是在學(xué)習(xí)還是在工作中，我們最熟悉的就是試題了，試題是學(xué)�；蚋髦鬓k方考核某種知識(shí)才能的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。大家知道什么樣的試題才是規(guī)范的嗎？下面是小編為大家整理的2024年公共英語一級(jí)完形填空考試題附答案，希望對(duì)大家有所幫助。
公共英語一級(jí)完形填空考試題附答案 1
Passage two (Vicious and Dangerous Sports Should be Banned by Law)
When you think of the tremendous technological progress we have made, it’s amazing how little we have developed in other respects. We may speak contemptuously of the poor old Romans because they relished the orgies of slaughter that went on in their arenas. We may despise them because they mistook these goings on for entertainment. We may forgive them condescendingly because they lived 2000 years ago and obviously knew no better. But are our feelings of superiority really justified? Are we any less blood-thirsty? Why do boxing matches, for instance, attract such universal interest? Don’t the spectators who attend them hope they will see some violence? Human beings remains as bloodthirsty as ever they were. The only difference between ourselves and the Romans is that while they were honest enough to admit that they enjoyed watching hungey lions tearing people apart and eating them alive, we find all sorts of sophisticated arguments to defend sports which should have been banned long age; sports which are quite as barbarous as, say, public hangings or bearbaiting.
It really is incredible that in this day and age we should still allow hunting or bull-fighting, that we should be prepared to sit back and watch two men batter each other to pulp in a boxing ring, that we should be relatively unmoved by the sight of one or a number of racing cars crashing and bursting into flames. Let us not deceive ourselves. Any talk of ‘the sporting spirit’ is sheer hypocrisy. People take part in violent sports because of the high rewards they bring. Spectators are willing to pay vast sums of money to see violence. A world heavyweight championship match, for instance, is front page news. Millions of people are disappointed if a big fight is over in two rounds instead of fifteen. They feel disappointment because they have been deprived of the exquisite pleasure of witnessing prolonged torture and violence.
Why should we ban violent sports if people enjoy them so much? You may well ask. The answer is simple: they are uncivilized. For centuries man has been trying to improve himself spiritually and emotionally - admittedly with little success. But at least we no longer tolerate the sight madmen cooped up in cages, or public floggings of any of the countless other barbaric practices which were common in the past. Prisons are no longer the grim forbidding places they used to be. Social welfare systems are in operation in many parts of the world. Big efforts are being made to distribute wealth fairly. These changes have come about not because human beings have suddenly and unaccountably improved, but because positive steps were taken to change the law. The law is the biggest instrument of social change that we have and it may exert great civilizing influence. If we banned dangerous and violent sports, we would be moving one step further to improving mankind. We would recognize that violence is degrading and unworthy of human beings.采集者退散
1. It can be inferred from the passage that the author’s opinion of nowadays’ human beings is
A. not very high. B. high.
C. contemptuous. D. critical.
2. The main idea of this passage is
A. vicious and dangerous sports should be banned by law.
B. people are willing to pay vast sums money to see violence.
C. to compare two different attitudes towards dangerous sports.
D. people are bloodthirsty in sports.
3. That the author mentions the old Romans is
A. To compare the old Romans with today’s people.
B. to give an example.
C. to show human beings in the past know nothing better.
D. to indicate human beings are used to bloodthirsty.
4. How many dangerous sports does the author mention in this passage?
A. Three. B. Five.
C. Six. D. Seven.
5. The purpose of the author in writing this passage is
A. that, by banning the violent sports, we human beings can improve our selves.
B. that, by banning the dangerous sports, we can improve the law.
C. that we must take positive steps to improve social welfare system.
D. to show law is the main instrument of social change.
Vocabulary
1.relish 從……獲得樂處，享受
2.orgy 狂歡，放縱
3.arena 競(jìng)技場(chǎng)，活動(dòng)或斗爭(zhēng)的場(chǎng)所
4.blood-thirsty 殘忍的，嗜血的
5.bear-baiting 逗熊游戲
6.bull-fight 斗牛
7.batter 猛擊，連續(xù)地猛打/捶，亂打
8.pulp 成紙漿，成軟塊
9.burst into flames 突然燃燒起來/著火
10.grim 令人窒息的，簡(jiǎn)陋的
11.coop up 把……關(guān)起來
寫作方法與文章大意
作者采取先對(duì)比、后分析的寫作手法。先是今人和古羅馬人對(duì)暴虐體育上對(duì)此兩者都欣賞。后者坦率成人“欣賞暴力體育”，前者施以各種接口、實(shí)際都是嗜血成性者。第二段進(jìn)一步剖析今人欣賞暴虐體育的種種實(shí)例，最后指出改善“暴虐”的根本嗜為改善法律采取積極的步驟，法律才能施以巨大的文明影響，否則人類很難改變。
1. A. 不太高。文章一開始就點(diǎn)出科技巨大進(jìn)步，而其他方面進(jìn)展很少。人們以輕蔑的口氣談及可憐的古羅馬人，因?yàn)樗麄冃蕾p競(jìng)技場(chǎng)上的屠殺。我們輕視他們，因?yàn)樗麄儼堰@些屠殺視為娛樂。我們可以降階/屈尊地諒解他們，因?yàn)樗麄兩钤?000年前，顯然，對(duì)好的東西不知道。在這里作者反問，我們的優(yōu)越感是否正確呢?我們的嗜血性是不是少一些?為什么拳擊比賽吸引那么許多人?在場(chǎng)的觀賞者(觀眾)是不是也希望看到一些暴力呢?結(jié)論是：人類和過去一樣殘忍。唯一的'不同點(diǎn)在于古羅馬人很誠實(shí)，他們承認(rèn)他們欣賞觀看饑餓的獅子把人撕碎，活生生吃掉，而我們會(huì)找出各種精辟的理由來保衛(wèi)早該制止的運(yùn)動(dòng)。第二段舉出具體例子，如斗牛、拳擊中把人打癱在地、車賽中，車子碰撞起火，人們就坐在那里觀看欣賞，參賽者是為了高報(bào)酬，觀眾付出大筆錢財(cái)是為了看到暴力。作者指出任何體育精神的說法純粹是虛偽。如果一場(chǎng)打比賽(世界重量級(jí)冠軍賽)，兩輪而不是十五輪就告結(jié)束，成千上百萬人們會(huì)感到失望――這些都證明人的卑下，不文明。這兩段似乎也證明作者的觀點(diǎn)應(yīng)該是C項(xiàng)――蔑視的。但在第三段談及，好幾個(gè)世紀(jì)以來，人們一直試圖在精神上和情感上改善自己，又得承認(rèn)不怎么成功�？芍辽傥覀儾辉偃萑摊�?cè)私d于籠中，當(dāng)眾鞭撻，以及其他許多過去普遍存在的野蠻行徑。監(jiān)獄也不再是過去那種令人窒息的禁錮之地，社會(huì)福利制度在全世界許多地方推行。在財(cái)富公平分配上也作了很大的努力。這些變化的出現(xiàn)不是因?yàn)槿送蝗桓纳�，而是在改變法律上采取�?積極的步驟。如果我們禁止危險(xiǎn)的暴力體育項(xiàng)目，那么我們?cè)诟纳迫祟惙矫嬗智斑M(jìn)了一步。我們會(huì)認(rèn)識(shí)暴力是人類的墮落和卑下(人類不應(yīng)有的)。從這段來看，作者對(duì)人類還抱有希望，不是很蔑視。所以選A項(xiàng)。
2. A.法律應(yīng)禁止墮落而又危險(xiǎn)的體育項(xiàng)目。見第一題注釋。作者從古羅馬人欣賞殘忍的體育項(xiàng)目說起，點(diǎn)出現(xiàn)代人也是嗜血成性，喜歡暴力體育項(xiàng)目。這是不文明，是墮落。必須制止，而法律是我們社會(huì)改革最強(qiáng)大的工具，它可應(yīng)用，發(fā)揮強(qiáng)大的文明影響(第三段倒數(shù)第三句)
B. 人們?cè)敢庵Ц毒薮罂铐?xiàng)來觀看暴力。這是作者說明“嗜血成性”的具體內(nèi)容之一。
C. 對(duì)比對(duì)危險(xiǎn)體育項(xiàng)目不同的態(tài)度。這里沒有對(duì)比。
D.人類嗜血成性。這是作者認(rèn)為人們?yōu)槭裁葱蕾p危險(xiǎn)殘忍體育項(xiàng)目的根源。
3.D. 人們?cè)隗w育上習(xí)慣于“嗜血成性”，過去是，現(xiàn)在仍然是，不同點(diǎn)只是前者坦直承認(rèn)，后者婉轉(zhuǎn)掩飾。見第一題注釋。
A. 把古羅馬人和現(xiàn)代人對(duì)比。這項(xiàng)沒有說明對(duì)比什么。
B. 給出一個(gè)例子。太抽象。
C. 說明過去人類不太知道更美好的東西，這兩項(xiàng)都沒有到位。
4. B. 5個(gè)。作者提到⑴逗熊游戲;⑵斗牛;⑶車賽;⑷拳擊;⑸人獅斗。至于當(dāng)眾鞭撻和絞刑不能稱作體育活動(dòng)。
5. A. 通過制止野蠻體育項(xiàng)目，我們能改善人類自身。這在第三段講的最透徹，見第一題和第二題注釋。
B. 通過制止野蠻體育活動(dòng)，我們能改善法律，不完全對(duì)。作者明確指出要用法律來禁止野蠻體育項(xiàng)目。
C. 我們必須采取積極步驟來改善社會(huì)福利體制
D. 去表明法律是社會(huì)變革的主要工具。
公共英語一級(jí)完形填空考試題附答案 2
Section Ⅰ Use of English
There’s nothing more welcoming than a door opening for you. 1 the need to be touched to open or close, automatic doors are essential in 2 disabled access to buildings, facilitating hygiene in required areas and helping provide general 3 to commercial buildings.
Self-sliding doors began to emerge as a commercial product in 1960 after being invented six years 4 by Americans Dee Horton and Lew Hewitt. They 5 as a novelty feature, but as their use has grown their 6 have extended within our technologically advanced world. Particularly 7 in busy locations or during times of emergency, the doors 8 crowd management by reducing the obstacles put in peoples’ way. They give us one less thing to tackle during daily life and the occasional quick escape.
9 making access both in and out of buildings easier for people, the difference in the way many of these doors open helps reduce the total area 10 by them. Automatic doors often open to the side, with the panels sliding across one another. Replacing swing doors, these 11 smaller buildings to maximise the usable space inside without the need to 12 the way for a large, protruding door. There are many different types of automatic door, with each 13 specific signals to tell them when to open. 14 these methods differ, the main 15 remain the same.
Each automatic door system 16 the light, sound, weight or movement in their vicinity as a signal to open. Sensor types are chosen to 17 the different environments they are needed in. 18 , a busy street might not 19 a motion-sensored door, as it would constantly be opening for passers-by. A pressure-sensitive mat would be more 20 to limit the surveyed area.
1. A. Through B. Despite C. Besides D. Without
2. A. revealing B. demanding C. improving D. tracing
3. A. experience B. convenience C. guidance D. reference
4. A. previously B. temporarily C. successively D. eventually
5. A. held on B. started out C. settled down D. went by
6. A. relations B. volumes C. benefits D. sources
7. A. useful B. simple C. flexible D. stable
8. A. call for B. yield to C. insist on D. act as
9. A. As well as B. In terms of C. Thanks to D. Rather than
10. A. connected B. shared C. represented D. occupied
11. A. allow B. expect C. require D. direct
12. A. adopt B. lead C. clear D. change
13. A. adapting to B. deriving from C. relying on D. pointing at
14. A. Once B. Since C. Unless D. Although
15. A. records B. positions C. principles D. reasons
16. A. controls B. analyses C. processes D. mixes
17. A. decorate B. compare C. protect D. complement
18. A. In conclusion B. By contrast C. For example D. Above all
19. A. identify B. suit C. secure D. include
20. A. appropriate B. obvious C. impressive D. delicate
【1】D 解析：空格后的短語意為“需要觸摸才能打開或關(guān)閉”。文章首句提到“沒有什么比一扇門自動(dòng)為你打開更讓人開心的了”，且空格所在句子的主語的是automatic doors(自動(dòng)門)，由此可知，空格所填詞應(yīng)該表示否定，才符合自動(dòng)門的特點(diǎn)，故選Without。
【2】C 解析：空格所在的短語 disabled access to buildings和后面的facilitating hygiene in required areas、 helping provide general是并列關(guān)系，由此可知，空格所填詞facilitating(促進(jìn))和helping(幫助)的語義方向一致，故選improving。
【3】B 解析：空格所在的短語helping provide general to commercial buildings和前面的disabled access to buildings以及facilitating hygiene in required areas為并列關(guān)系，提及的都是自動(dòng)門的好處或給人提供的`便利等，故選convenience。
【4】A 解析：空格所在句在講述自動(dòng)門的發(fā)展歷史，提到“1960 年，自動(dòng)平滑門開始作為商業(yè)產(chǎn)品出現(xiàn)”，after being invented six years 意為“在發(fā)明六年之后”，由此可知，自動(dòng)平滑門的發(fā)明先于其成為商業(yè)產(chǎn)品，故選previously。
【5】B 解析：start out是一個(gè)固定搭配，表示“開始”，代入文中表示“它們開始只是一種新奇之物”，符合文意，故選started out。
【6】C 解析：空格前面的as their use has grown表示“隨著它們的用途越來越廣泛”，空格后的have extended within our technologically advanced world表示“在我們這個(gè)科技發(fā)達(dá)的世界里擴(kuò)張”。一項(xiàng)產(chǎn)品或物品只有有好處，對(duì)人們有用，才會(huì)被人們使用，故選benefits。
【7】A 解析：空格所在的主句提到reducing the obstacles put in peoples’ way(減少人們前進(jìn)道路上的障礙)，由此可知，自動(dòng)門對(duì)人們的生活有著積極影響，故選useful。
【8】D 解析：空格后面的by reducing the obstacles put in peoples’ way(通過減少人們前進(jìn)道路上的障礙)作方式狀語，act as是固定短語，表示“充當(dāng)，起……作用”，與文意相符，故選act。
【9】A 解析：空格后面的making access both in and out of buildings easier for people表示“讓人們更容易進(jìn)出建筑物”，是在描述自動(dòng)門的好處之一，空格所在的主句中有helps reduce(幫助減少)，同樣也是在描述自動(dòng)門的好處，故選as well as。
【10】D 解析：根據(jù)上一題的分析可知，空格所在句是在介紹自動(dòng)門的好處，空格前面有helps reduce the total area(幫助減少總面積)，因此空格所填詞應(yīng)該帶有負(fù)面意思，故選occupied。
【11】A 解析：空格后的smaller buildings to maximise the usable space inside表示“最大化小建筑的內(nèi)部可用空間”，本句依然是在講自動(dòng)門的好處，因此空格所填詞代入文中的語義須為正向，故選allow。
【12】C 解析：clear the way是固定搭配，表示“清理道路，排除障礙”，故選clear。
【13】C 解析：rely on是固定搭配，表示“依賴，依靠”，故選relying on。
【14】D 解析：空格后的these methods differ表示“這些方法各異”，空格所在的主句后面提到remain the same(保持一致)，前后語義相反，故選Although。
【15】C 解析：空格前提到these methods differ(這些方法各不相同)，而空格后提到remain the same(保持一致)。principal表示“基本原理”，符合文意，故選principals。
【16】B 解析：空格前提到Each automatic door system(每種自動(dòng)門系統(tǒng))，空格后的the light, sound, weight or movement表示“燈光、聲音、重量或動(dòng)態(tài)”，空格所填詞需要體現(xiàn)空格前后內(nèi)容的關(guān)系。analyse表示“分析”，符合文意，故選analyses。
【17】D 解析：空格所在的短語to 17 the different environments when they are needed in(它們需要的不同環(huán)境)目的狀語，complement表示“補(bǔ)充”，符合文意，故選complement。
【18】C 解析：空格后面的a busy street(繁忙的街道)是對(duì)前文the different environments when they are needed in(它們需要的不同環(huán)境)的距離，故選For example。
【19】B 解析：空格后的a motion-sensored door意為“動(dòng)作感應(yīng)門”;as it would constantly be opening for passers-by表示“因?yàn)樗鼤?huì)不斷為過往行人打開”，也就是說，動(dòng)作感應(yīng)門不適合在繁忙的街道使用，故選suit。
【20】A 解析： 空格前的pressure-sensitive mat意為“壓敏墊”，空格后的to limit the surveyed area“限制檢查區(qū)域”，空格所填詞要能體現(xiàn)這兩者間的關(guān)系。 appropriate表示“適合的”，符合文意，故選 appropriate。
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