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公共英語(yǔ)五級(jí)歷年閱讀真題（精選5套）
在日常學(xué)習(xí)和工作生活中，我們經(jīng)常跟考試真題打交道，借助考試真題可以更好地考核參考者的知識(shí)才能。大家知道什么樣的考試真題才是規(guī)范的嗎？下面是小編為大家整理的公共英語(yǔ)五級(jí)歷年閱讀真題，歡迎閱讀，希望大家能夠喜歡。
公共英語(yǔ)五級(jí)歷年閱讀真題 1
Part C
Answer Questions 71 to 80 by referring to the following four articles concerning mental illness.
Answer each question by choosing A, B, C, or D and mark it on ANSWER SHEET 1.
Note : When more than qne answer is required, these may be given in any order. Some choices may be required more than once.
Remember:
A = Article AB = Article BC = Article CD = Article DWhich article ( s)...
reveals the gender difference in suicide rate? 71.______
point out that youths with mental illness have not received adequate
treatment? 72.____73.____
argues that how the public treat the people with mental illness has a di—
rect effect on their recovery? 74.
reports on the appalling percentage of the mentally ill in Canada’S pop—
ulation? 75.
says that there is a high correlation between suicide and mental illness? 76.
find that mental iUness has made Canada’S economy less productive?
77.78.
says that organizations aye recommended to practice stress manage-
ment? 79.
I calls public attention to the unfair treatment of the mentally ill? 80.
A
One of the biggest challenges facing the mental health care system is the gnawing chasm be- tween the ever-growing demand for services and the systems ability to respond. Many are suffer- ing. Far too few are being helped.
For decades, governments have treated mental illness like the orphan of the health care sys- tem, leaving the sector chronically under-funded and under-staffed. Such neglect would seem to suggest that mental illness afflicts only an unfortunate few. Nothing could be further from the truth. One in three individuals will experience mental health problems at some point in their lives. In Can- ada, that translates to more than 10 million people.
In Canada, mental illness is estimated to cost the economy $ 33 billion each year in disability and lost productivity. We currently spend another $ 6 billion to $ 8 billion annually to treat these conditions. More hospital stays are consumed by people with a mental illness than by cancer and heart disease patients combined.
Yet for all of that, mental health practitioners know they are only reaching a fraction of those in need. Research shows that two-thirds of adults who experience mental illness never seek help; for ad- olescents, the figure is 75 percent. Of those who do seek treatment, the majority will first report symptoms to family physicians who are often ill-equipped to recognize or deal with mental illness.B
Sadly, children and adolescents are even less likely than adults to seek or receive treatment for mental illness. And in far too many cases, young people pay the ultimate price for their conditions. In what was perhaps the most sobering statistic of all provided by some researchers, it was found that approximately one-in-ten Canadian adolescents attempt suicide each year. At the same time, 80 percent aqd 90 percent of the young people who kill themselves likely suffered from a mental disor- der at the time of their death.
Some young people are at greater risk than others. Aboriginal youths are five to six times more likely to die by suicide than non-Aboriginal youths. Adolescent males die by suicide three to four times more often than adolescent females.
The key to suicide prevention is to intervene on multiple fronts as early as possible, particular- ly with youth who exhibit risk factors such as depression and substance abuse. This means support- ing families with children at risk, promoting suicide awareness at the community level and, perhaps most importantly, taking prevention programs into the schools.
C
In a typical workplace, one in four employees struggles with mental health issues, most com- monly in the form of depression or anxiety. It is estimated that mental illness results in 35 million work days lost each year in Canada. Mental illness also accounts for up to per cent of short-term disability insurance claims and is a secondary diagnosis in more than 50 per cent of long-term claims.
The toll of mental illness--in terms of individual Suffering and the corporate bottom line--prompted CEOs from across Canada to support the Toronto-based Roundtable on Addiction and Mental Health. Founded 10 years ago, the Roundtable advises organizations on how to detect, treat and ultimately prevent mental illness.
Organizations are advised toadopt a three-part strategy. First, focus on early detection and treatment opportunities ( depression and anxiety are effectively treated in 85 percent of cases where help is sought). Second, determine, at the organizational level, the root cause of the mental dis- tress (especially important if it is emanating from a single department or business unit). Third, make prevention and stress management a corporate-wide priority.
D
No research on mental health could fail to deal with the issue of stigma--the fact that negative attitudes and behavior toward people with mental illness adds immeasurably to their suffering and represents a serious barrier to reform. The sting of stigma provided much of the emotional wallop behind Starry, Starry Night, a theatrical production by the Calgary Chapter of the Schizophrenia So- ciety of Alberta. The play, performed entirely by actors with Schizophrenia, includes several wrenching scenes about the harsh way the mentally ill are sometimes treated by the very system that is intended to help them.
Dr. Thornicroft, a British psychiatrist, recalled how, after 20 years in practice, he felt disquie- ted by the fact that so few people with mental illness sought treatment--and, if they did, it was as a last resort. He concluded this was because of the shame and embarrassment so many experienced. Dr. Thornicroft decided to take a sabbatical and write a book about stigma.
As he delved into the subject, and looked at it from the patients point of view, Dr. Thorni- croft was struck by the depth of prejudice directed at the mentally ill. He concluded that the most essential aspect of stigma is not so much peoples attitudes, but how they act. In other words, the real issue was discrimination. And what is needed is a kind of civil rights campaign on behalf of the mentally ill.
DO THAT IS THE END OF SECTION THREE.!NOT READ OR WORK ON THE NEXT SECTION UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO.
PartC
參考譯文
A
精神健康保健系統(tǒng)面臨著許多挑戰(zhàn)，其中最重要的就是人們不斷增長(zhǎng)的服務(wù)需求和系統(tǒng)本身反應(yīng)能力之間存在巨大差異。很多人正在遭受痛苦，但只有少數(shù)人能夠得到幫助。
幾十年來(lái)，精神病就像各國(guó)醫(yī)療保健體系中的孤兒，長(zhǎng)期受到資金不足和人手缺乏的困擾。這種漠視的態(tài)度似乎表明受精神病折磨的患者只是少數(shù)。但事實(shí)更有說(shuō)服力。生活中，約三分之一的人會(huì)在生命的某個(gè)時(shí)期遭遇心理問(wèn)題。在加拿大，這一群體有1000多萬(wàn)人。
據(jù)估計(jì)，精神病會(huì)導(dǎo)致殘疾和生產(chǎn)力上的損失。每年，加拿大在這一方面的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失不下于330億美元。目前，我們每年還額外花費(fèi)60至80億美元治療這些疾病。入院治療的精神病患者比癌癥和心臟病患者的總和還要多。
然而，盡管這樣，心理健康醫(yī)師深知這只是涉及其中一小部分人群。研究表明，三分之二精神病成年患者從不尋求幫助;而在青少年中，這個(gè)數(shù)字是75%。在那些尋求治療的患者中，大多數(shù)先會(huì)去看家庭醫(yī)生，問(wèn)題是家庭醫(yī)生往往沒(méi)有能力識(shí)別和處理精神病病患。
B
可悲的是，比起成年人，兒童和青少年更不太可能去尋求或接受精神病治療。而在很多情況下，一旦病患發(fā)作，年輕人將不得不付出代價(jià)。在研究人員提供的一些最發(fā)人深省的統(tǒng)計(jì)中，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)每年在加拿大約有十分之一的青少年企圖自殺。同時(shí)，80%和90%的自殺年輕人在死亡時(shí)都有可能患有精神疾病。
有些年輕人比其他人的情況更糟。原住民青少年自殺死亡率是非土著青少年的五至六倍。青春期男性自殺死亡率是青春期女性的三到四倍。
預(yù)防自殺的關(guān)鍵是在于多方面的早期干預(yù)，特別對(duì)于有危險(xiǎn)舉動(dòng)如抑郁癥和濫用藥物的青少年進(jìn)行的干預(yù)。這就意味著為有孩子是患者的家庭提供幫助，提高社會(huì)對(duì)于自殺危害的意識(shí)，也許最重要的是學(xué)校要做出一定的預(yù)案。
C
在典型的職場(chǎng)中，約四分之一的`員工有精神健康問(wèn)題，最常見(jiàn)的是抑郁或焦慮。據(jù)估計(jì)，加拿大每年由于精神病而浪費(fèi)3500萬(wàn)個(gè)工作日。心理疾病在短期傷殘保險(xiǎn)索賠中高述40%，在長(zhǎng)期輔助診斷中的索賠的比例超過(guò)50%。
精神病患者的數(shù)量——無(wú)論是在個(gè)人傷痛或是公司底線方面——促使加拿大各地的CEO在多倫多形成對(duì)長(zhǎng)期患病與心理健康的圓桌會(huì)議。成立l0年來(lái)，圓桌會(huì)議不斷指導(dǎo)各個(gè)組織檢測(cè)、治療并最終防止心理疾病。
各個(gè)組織應(yīng)采取三步戰(zhàn)略。首先，關(guān)注早發(fā)現(xiàn)和早治療的機(jī)會(huì)(85%的抑郁和焦慮患者可以通過(guò)救助有效治愈)。其次，在組織層面上探求心理困擾的根本原因(如果它出現(xiàn)在一個(gè)單一的部門(mén)或單位，情況就特別重要)。最后，是在企業(yè)范圍內(nèi)預(yù)防和加強(qiáng)管理。
D
對(duì)心理健康的任何研究都會(huì)遇到名譽(yù)問(wèn)題——事實(shí)證明消極的態(tài)度和行為只會(huì)徒然增加精神病患者的痛苦，也會(huì)嚴(yán)重阻礙改革。對(duì)于這個(gè)敏感的問(wèn)題，《繁星點(diǎn)點(diǎn)的夜晚》帶來(lái)了許多感觸�！斗毙屈c(diǎn)點(diǎn)的夜晚》是由阿爾伯塔精神分裂癥協(xié)會(huì)的卡爾加里·切普特所指導(dǎo)的一部舞臺(tái)劇。劇中的角色完全由精神分裂癥患者們飾演。劇中包括一些痛苦的場(chǎng)景，即有時(shí)精神病患者會(huì)受到所謂人道主義體制的不公正待遇。
經(jīng)過(guò)20年實(shí)踐之后，英國(guó)的精神病學(xué)家斯尼克勞福特博士回憶到，他發(fā)現(xiàn)很少有精神病患者尋求治療，而且，即使他們接受治療，也是作為最后的“救命稻草”。他總結(jié)說(shuō)，這主要是因?yàn)檫@些人遭受了太多的羞辱和尷尬。斯尼克勞福特博士決定利用休假寫(xiě)一本關(guān)于恥辱的書(shū)。
在他深入研究并從病人的角度出發(fā)時(shí)，斯尼克勞福特博士被精神病患者遭受到的深度偏見(jiàn)所震撼。他總結(jié)說(shuō)：關(guān)于恥辱，最重要的不是很多人的態(tài)度，而是深度的行為。換句話說(shuō)，真正的問(wèn)題是歧視。而我們所需要的就是一種能代表精神病患者的公民權(quán)利運(yùn)動(dòng)。
答案及精析
71.B【精析】題目問(wèn)的是“哪篇文章在自殺率上揭示了性別差異?”。根據(jù)問(wèn)句中的關(guān)鍵詞“9ender difference”可把答案定位在B篇第二段的最后一句“Adolescent males die by suicide three to fourtimes more often than adolescent females.”。故選B。
72.A
73.B
【精析】題目問(wèn)的是“哪兩篇文章指出患有精神病的青少年沒(méi)有接受到足夠的治療?”�？砂汛鸢付ㄎ辉贏篇第四段的第二句“…tw0—thirds of adults who experience mental illness never seek help;foradolescents，the figure is 75 percent.”和B篇的第一段第一句的“...children and adolescents are even less likely than adults to seekor receive treatment for mental illness.”。故這題選A和B。
74.D【精析】題目問(wèn)的是“哪篇文章認(rèn)為公眾如何對(duì)待精神病人會(huì)直接影響他們的恢復(fù)治療?”�？砂汛鸢付ㄎ辉贒篇第一句“No re—search oil,mental health could fail to deal with the issue of stigma—the fact that negative attitudes and behavior toward people with men--tal illness adds immeasurably to their suffering and represents a seri—OUS barrier to refoFin.”。故選D。
75.A【精析】題目問(wèn)的是“哪篇文章報(bào)道患有精神病的人群在加拿大人口中占有極大的比例?”。A、B和C中都有涉及到加拿大，但比較發(fā)現(xiàn)，A篇第二段的最后兩句說(shuō)明患有精神病的人群在加拿大人口中占有極大的比例。故選A。
76.B【精析】題目問(wèn)的是“哪篇文章談到了自殺與精神疾病存在著很高的關(guān)聯(lián)度?”。根據(jù)問(wèn)句中的關(guān)鍵詞“suicide”可把答案定位在B篇第一段的第三句“In what was perhaps the most sobering statisticof all provided by some researchers.it was found that approximatelyone—in.ten Canadian adolescents attempt suicide each year.”和第二段的第一句“some young people are at greater risk than others.Ab—original youths are five to six times more likely to die by suicide thannon—Aboriginal youths.”。故選B。
77.A
78.C
【精析】題目問(wèn)的是“哪篇文章發(fā)現(xiàn)精神疾病使加拿大的經(jīng)濟(jì)生產(chǎn)力不足?”。根據(jù)問(wèn)句中的關(guān)鍵詞“economy”和“l(fā)ess produc—rive”可把答案定位在A篇第三段時(shí)第一句“…menml illness isestimated to cost the economy$33 billion each year in disabilityand lost productivity”和C篇第二段的第二句“Founded lo yearsa90，the Roundtable advises organizations on how to detect，treatand ultimately prevent mental illness.”。故這題選A和C。
79.C【精析】題目問(wèn)的是“哪篇文章談到了人們建議各個(gè)單位實(shí)行壓力管理?”。根據(jù)問(wèn)句中的關(guān)鍵詞“management”可把答案定位在C篇的最后一句“…make prevention and stress management a corpo—rate—wide priority”。故選C。
80.D【精析】題目問(wèn)的是“哪篇文章呼吁公眾對(duì)于精神病人的不公正對(duì)待給予關(guān)注?”。可把答案定位在D篇第三段的最后兩句“…mereal issue was discrimination.And what is needed is a kind of civilrights campaign on behalf of the mentally ill”。故選D。
公共英語(yǔ)五級(jí)歷年閱讀真題 2
Martin Luther King Jr.
By the time the Montgomery Improvement Association chose the 26-year-old Martin Luther King Jr. as its leader, the hours-old bus boyott by the black citizens of Montgomery, Alabama, was already an overwhelming success. King would later write that his unanticipated call to leadership "happened so quickly that I did not have time to think in through." "It is probable that if I had, I would have declined the nomination."
Although press reports at the time focused on his inspiring oratory, King was actually a reluctant leader of a movement initiated by others.(The boyott began on Dec. 5 1955.) His subsequent writings and private correspondence reveal man whose inner doubts sharply contrast with his public persona. In the early days of his involvement, King was troubled by telephone threats, discord within the black community and Montgomerys "get tough" policy, to which king attributed his jailing on a minor traffic violation. One night, as he considered ways to "move out of the picture without appearing a coward," he began to pray aloud and, at that moment, "experienced the presence of the God as I had never experienced Him before."
He would later admit that when the boyott began, he was not yet firmly committed to Gandhian principles. Although he had been exposed to those teachings in college, he had remained skeptical. "I thought the only way we could solve our problem of segregation was an armed revolt," he recalled. "I felt that the Christian ethic of love was confined to individual relationships."
Only after his home was bombed in late January did king reconsider his views on violence. (At the time, he was seeking a gun permit and was protected by armed bodyguards.) Competing with each other to influence King were two ardent pacifists: Bayard Rustin, a black activist with the War Resisters League, and the Rev. Glenn E. Smiley, a white staff member of the Fellowship of Reconciliation. Rustin was shocked to discover a gun in Kings house, while Smiley informed fellow pacifists that Kings home was "an arsenal."
1. What did King think of his nomination as leader of the Montgomery Boyott?
A) He hadnt expected it.
B) He had to think about it carefully.
C) He would refuse to accept it.
D) He was prepared to accept it.
2. Why was King unwilling to lead the movement at first?
A) Because he doubted if the boyott would be successful.
B) Because he was troubled with a traffic accident at that time.
C) Because he thought he was too young to be a leader.
D) Because he himself didnt start the boyott.
3. Which of the following is Not mentioned as something that happened at the beginning of the black peoples movement?
A) King was put into prison.
B) Black people disagreed with each other.
C) Kings armed revolt proposal was turned down.
D) Black people found it hard to accept the policy pursued in Montgomery.
4. Which of the following was the immediate cause that made King change his view on violence?
A) The education he received in college.
B) The attack of his home.
C) The influence of two active non-violence advocates.
D) The verdict of the Supreme Court.
5. In Paragraph 4, the last sentence "Kings home was an arsenal" means
A) Kings home was a place where people got together.
B) Kings home was a place where people tested bombs.
C) Kings home was a place where weapons were stored.
D) Kings home was a place where bombs exploded.
正確答案：
ADCBC
公共英語(yǔ)五級(jí)歷年閱讀真題 3
Sussex police ordered to search for a six-foot, dark-haired youth of about 20 who failed to mug (搶劫) a five-foot, 74-year-old grandmother. The youth rushed at Mrs West and tied to take her things and money when she was walking out of a church. The result should have been an expected conclusion.
Surprisedly, however, when Mrs West grasped the muggers wrist (手腕)，he cried, "Oh, God! Oh, no! Stop!" Encouraged by these pleas (哀求), she put him in arm lock at which the mugger cried, "Oh, no! Oh! God!" and ran away. "If I hadnt been carrying my shopping I would really have put him on his back. "said Mrs
West who had practised judo(柔道) when younger." When my husband was living. I used to pracise throwing him at Christmas", she explained.36.Why did the youth cry when grasped by the old lady? Because he ______.
A. was sorry for his failure B. couldnt bear the pain and had to ask for mercy
C. felt angry with the old lady D. became so excited that he couldnt help doing so
37.If the incident hadnt ended beyond expected conclusion,_______.
A. Mrs West would have been robbed of her things and money
B. the mugger should have been defeated
C. Mrs West would have put the youth on his back
D. the mugger should have cried and run away
38.What do you think of the youth whom the police ordered to search for? He was ______.
A. a boy of about 20 B. a dark-haired young man C. an ill man D. a rather weak fellow
39.In your judgement, which of the following might not be true?
A. Mrs West had just been to the market and church.
B. The mugger knew little about judo.
C. Mrs West was a single woman. D. The mugger didnt get punished in the end.
答案：
BACD
公共英語(yǔ)五級(jí)歷年閱讀真題 4
Antarctica and Environment
Antarctica has actually become a kind of space station - a unique observation post for detecting important changes in the world‘s environment. Remote from major sources of pollution and the complex geological and ecological systems that prevail elsewhere， Antarctica makes possible scientific measurements that are often sharper and easier to interpret than those made in other parts of the world.
Growing numbers of scientists therefore see Antarctica as a distant-early-warning sensor， where potentially dangerous global trends may be spotted before they show up to the north. One promising field of investigation is glaciology. Scholars from the United States， Switzerland， and France are pursuing seven separate but related projects that reflect their concern for the health of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet - a concern they believe the world at large should share.
The Transantarctic Mountain， some of them more than 14，000 feet high， divide the continent into two very different regions. The part of the continent to the “east” of the mountains is a high plateau covered by an ice sheet nearly two miles thick. “West” of the mountain， the half of the continent south of the Americas is also covered by an ice sheet， but there the ice rests on rock that is mostly well below sea level. If the West Antarctic Ice Sheet disappeared， the western part of the continent would be reduced to a sparse cluster of island.
While ice and snow are obviously central to many environmental experiments， others focus on the mysterious “dry valley” of Antarctica， valleys that contain little ice or snow even in the depths of winter. Slashed through the mountains of southern Victoria Land， these valleys once held enormous glaciers that descended 9，000 feet from the polar plateau to the Ross Sea. Now the glaciers are gone， perhaps a casualty of the global warming trend during the 10，000 years since the ice age. Even the snow that falls in the dry valleys is blasted out by vicious winds that roars down from the polar plateau to the sea. Left bare are spectacular gorges， rippled fields of sand dunes， clusters of boulders sculptured into fantastic shapes by 100-mile-an-hour winds， and an aura of extraterrestrial desolation.
Despite the unearthly aspect of the dry valleys， some scientists believe they may carry a message of hope of the verdant parts of the earth. Some scientists believe that in some cases the dry valleys may soak up pollutants faster than pollutants enter them.
1. What is the best title for this passage?
[A]Antarctica and environmental Problems.
[B]Antarctica： Earth‘s Early-Warning station.
[C]Antarctica： a Unique Observation Post.
[D]Antarctica： a Mysterious Place.
2. What would the result be if the West Antarctic Ice Sheet disappeared?
[A]The western part of the continent would be disappeared.
[B]The western part of the continent would be reduced.
[C]The western part of the continent would become scattered Islands.
[D]The western part of the continent would be reduced to a cluster of Islands.
3. Why are the Dry Valleys left bare?
[A]Vicious wind blasts the snow away.
[B]It rarely snows.
[C]Because of the global warming trend and fierce wind.
[D]Sand dunes.
4. Which of the following is true?
[A]The “Dry Valleys” have nothing left inside.
[B]The “Dry Valleys” never held glaciers.
[C]The “Dry Valleys” may carry a message of hope for the verdant.
[D]The “Dry Valleys” are useless to scientists.
Vocabulary
1. distant-early-warning sensor 遠(yuǎn)距離早期報(bào)警傳感器
2. plateau 高原，高地
3. slash 揮砍
4. blast 一陣疾風(fēng)/狂風(fēng)
5. vicious 邪惡的，兇魔般的
6. gorge 峽谷
7. ripple 起伏，使起微波
8. sand dune 沙丘
9. verdant 綠色
10. extraterrestrial 地球之外的
11. aura 氣氛
難句譯注
1. Growing numbers of scientists therefore see Antarctica as a distant-early waning sensor， where potentially dangerous global trends may be spotted before they show up to the north.
「結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)析」see … as 把……看作。Where定從修飾Antarctic
答案詳解
1. A 南極洲和環(huán)境問(wèn)題。
B. 南極洲：地球最早的報(bào)警戰(zhàn)。
C.南極洲：獨(dú)一無(wú)二的觀察哨。
D. 南極洲：神秘的地方。三項(xiàng)都是總內(nèi)容眾的組成部分。
2. D 大陸西部成為一群島嶼。第三段“橫斷南極的山脈， 有的高達(dá)一萬(wàn)四千多英尺，把這大陸分成情況各異的兩個(gè)地區(qū)。山脈以東的大陸部分是由差不多兩英里厚的冰層覆蓋的高原;山脈以西，即美洲以南的半個(gè)大陸也為冰層所覆蓋。可是，這里冰層覆蓋在大大低于海平面的'巖石。如果西南極洲冰層消失，那這大陸西部將成為稀疏的島群�！�
A. 大陸西部將小時(shí)。
B. 大陸西部縮小。
D. 大陸西部將成為分散的島嶼。
3. C 因?yàn)榈厍蜃兣涂耧L(fēng)勁吹。在第四段：“……這些干谷甚至在寒冬季節(jié)也很少有冰雪。它們插在南維多利亞陸地的山脈中， 一度曾有從極地高原到羅斯海的深度為9000英尺的冰河�，F(xiàn)在冰河已不存在，很可能是冰期之后一萬(wàn)年間地球變暖的結(jié)果。即使落入干谷的雪也被從極地高原咆哮入海的邪惡狂風(fēng)吹散了。留下來(lái)的是裸露的壯觀的峽谷，沙丘起伏的原野，被時(shí)速一百英里的大風(fēng)雕刻成奇形怪狀的大礫石，形成與世隔絕的荒涼景象�！�
A. 邪惡的狂風(fēng)吹走了雪。
B. 它很少下雪。
D. 沙丘。這三項(xiàng)只是干谷現(xiàn)象的一部分。
4. C 他們可能為地球上綠色地區(qū)帶來(lái)了希望的信息。答案是第五段第一句“盡管干谷具有神秘的一面科學(xué)家卻相信他們可能為地球上蔥綠的地方帶來(lái)了希望的信息�！�
A.干谷內(nèi)什么都沒(méi)有留下。
B. 干谷內(nèi)從沒(méi)有冰河。
D. 按照科學(xué)家的看法， 干谷毫無(wú)用處。
公共英語(yǔ)五級(jí)歷年閱讀真題 5
"We are not about to enter the Information Age, but instead are rather well into it. " Present predictions are that by 1990, about thirty million jobs in the United States, or about thirty percent of the job market, will be computer-related. In 1980, only twenty-one percent of all American high schools owned one or two computers for student use. In the fall of 1985, a new study showed that half of United States secondary schools have fifteen or more computers for student use. And now educational experts, administrators, and even the general public are demanding that all students become "computer-literate". By the year 2000 knowledge of computers will be necessary in over eighty percent of all occupations. Soon those people not educated in computer use will be compared to those who are print-illiterate today.
What is "computer literacy"? The term itself seems to imply some degree of "knowing" about computers, but knowing what? The present opinion seems to be that this should include a general knowledge, of what computers are, plus a little of their history and something of how they operate.
Therefore, it is important that educators everywhere take a careful look not only at what is being done, but also at what should be done in the field of computer education. Today most adults are able to use a motor car without the slightest knowledge of how the internal combustion engine (內(nèi)燃機(jī)) works. We effectively use all types of electrical equipment without being able to tell their histories or to explain how they work.
Business people for years have made good use of typewriters and adding machines, yet few have ever known how to .repair them. Why, then, attempt to teach computers by teaching how or why they work?
Rather, we first must fix our mind on teaching the effective use of the computer as the tool is.
"Knowing how to use a computer is what s going to be important. We don t talk about automobile literacy. We just get in our cars and drive them. "
31. In 1990, the number of jobs having nothing to do with computers in the United States will be reduced to
A. 79 million B. 100 million C. 30 million D. 70 million
32. The underlined part "print-illiterate" in the text refers to
A. one who has never learnt printing
B. one who has never learnt to read
C. one who is not a computer literate
D. one who is not able to use a typewriter
33. What is the first paragraph mainly about?
A. Recent predictions of computer-related jobs.
B. The wide of computers in schools.
C. The urgency of computers education.
D. Public interest in computers.
34. According to the author, the effective way to spread the use of computers is to teach
A. how to use computers
B. what computers use
C. where computers can be used
D. how computers work
35. From the text, we can infer that
A. computers will be easy to operate
B. automobile will be move comfortable
C. illiteracy rate will be down
Text 2
參考譯文
“我們不是即將進(jìn)入信息時(shí)代，而是置身其中感覺(jué)良好。”目前的預(yù)測(cè)是，到l990年，在美國(guó)大約3000萬(wàn)的工作或大約30%的工作市場(chǎng)將和電腦相關(guān)。l980年，所有美國(guó)高中只有21%的學(xué)校擁有一臺(tái)或兩臺(tái).供學(xué)生用的電腦。而在1985年秋季，一項(xiàng)新的研究表明，美國(guó)一半的中等學(xué)校擁有十五臺(tái)或更多的'供學(xué)生用的電腦�，F(xiàn)在教育專(zhuān)家、行政人員、甚至普通大眾正要求所有學(xué)生會(huì)使用電腦。到2000年電腦知識(shí)將在超過(guò)80%的職業(yè)中成為必然要求。很快那些不會(huì)使用電腦的人將會(huì)被比作今日的“文盲”。
“電腦讀寫(xiě)能力”是什么?這個(gè)術(shù)語(yǔ)本身暗示某種程度上與電腦有關(guān)，但是知道什么呢?時(shí)下的觀點(diǎn)好像是，它應(yīng)該包括對(duì)電腦是什么有個(gè)大概的了解，另外知道一些電腦的歷史以及知道電腦運(yùn)行方面的一些知識(shí)。
因此，每個(gè)地方的教育者不僅要留心觀察正在做的事情，而且要注意在電腦教育領(lǐng)域什么應(yīng)該做。如今，大部分成年人在幾乎渾然不知內(nèi)燃機(jī)如何運(yùn)作的情況下能夠駕駛一輛摩托車(chē)。在無(wú)法講出它們的歷史
或解釋它們?cè)鯓庸ぷ鞯那闆r下，我們也能夠有效地使用各種電器設(shè)備。
生意人已經(jīng)充分利用打字機(jī)和加法機(jī)很多年了，但幾乎沒(méi)人知道怎樣維修它們。那么為什么教電腦要通過(guò)教它們內(nèi)部構(gòu)造以及為什么工作呢?
更確切地說(shuō)，首先我們必須把注意力放在教授電腦的有效使用上，正如工具一般。
“知道怎樣使用電腦將會(huì)變得重要。我們不是在討論‘汽車(chē)讀寫(xiě)能力：我們只需上車(chē)駕駛便是�！�
答案及解析
31.D【解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)“…present predictions are that by 1990，about tliny million jobs in the United States，or about thirty percent of the job market，will be computer-related”(據(jù)1990年的預(yù)測(cè)，美國(guó)的三千萬(wàn)份工作，約占所有工作的30%，會(huì)和電腦相關(guān))。所以此題選擇D。
32.D【解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)“Soon those people not educated in computer use will be compared to those who are print—illiterate today”可知不懂電腦的人將會(huì)比作今日的“打字文盲”，所以此題選擇D。
33.C【解析】主旨大意題。閱讀第一段可知信息時(shí)代電腦必不可少，不懂電腦相當(dāng)于“文盲”，從而呼吁加強(qiáng)電腦教育。所以此題選擇C。
34.A【解析】推理判斷題。第三、四段中以現(xiàn)代人會(huì)騎摩托車(chē)和生意人學(xué)用打印機(jī)為例，告訴了我們學(xué)習(xí)電腦的最有效方法就是學(xué)會(huì)如何使用電腦，所以此題選擇A。
35.A【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Knowing how to use a computer is whats going to be important.We dont talk about automobile literacy.We iust get in our cars and drive them”(知道如何使用電腦是很重要的…就像我們坐在車(chē)?yán)镩_(kāi)車(chē)一樣)，由此可知學(xué)會(huì)操作電腦也不是很難的，所以此題選擇A。
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